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Shloka 23

शल्यस्य सेनापत्याभ्युपगमः | Śalya’s Acceptance of Command

उपर्युपरि राज्ञां वै ज्वलित्वा भास्करो यथा

uparyupari rājñāṃ vai jvalitvā bhāskaro yathā

Sañjaya sprach: „Immer höher über die Könige emporsteigend, loderte er auf — wie die Sonne.“

उपरिabove
उपरि:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउपरि
FormAvyaya (indeclinable adverb)
उपरिupon/over (again), i.e., higher and higher
उपरि:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउपरि
FormAvyaya (indeclinable adverb); repetition for emphasis
राज्ञाम्of kings
राज्ञाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
FormAvyaya (emphatic particle)
ज्वलित्वाhaving blazed
ज्वलित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्वल्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), from √ज्वल्; indeclinable verbal form
भास्करःthe sun
भास्करः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभास्कर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas/like
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
FormAvyaya (comparative particle)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
kings (rājāḥ)
T
the sun (bhāskara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how true eminence is recognized by radiance in action: in the midst of many rulers and warriors, one figure’s prowess and presence can stand out unmistakably, like the sun above lesser lights—suggesting the ethical ideal of excellence joined to visible responsibility on the battlefield.

Sañjaya, narrating events to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, describes a warrior (implied from context) who rises above the assembled kings and shines brilliantly in battle, using the sun as a simile to convey overwhelming splendor and dominance.