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Shloka 20

Droṇa-parva Adhyāya 47 — Abhimanyu’s rapid exchanges, counsel to disable his chariot-system

त॑ं कोसलानामधिप: कर्णिनाताडयद्धुदि । स तस्याश्चान्‌ ध्वजं चाप॑ सूतं चापातयत्‌ क्षितौ,तत्पश्चात्‌ कोसलनरेश बृहदबलने एक बाणद्वारा अभिमन्युकी छातीमें चोट पहुँचायी। यह देख अभिमन्युने उनके चारों घोड़ों तथा ध्वज, धनुष एवं सारथिको भी पृथ्वीपर मार गिराया

sañjaya uvāca | taṃ kosalānām adhipaḥ karṇinā tāḍayad yudhi | sa tasyāś cāśvān dhvajaṃ cāpaṃ sūtaṃ cāpātayat kṣitau | tatpaścāt kosalanareśo bṛhadbalenaikabāṇenābhimanyor vakṣasi prahāram akarot | tad dṛṣṭvābhimanyus tasya caturo hayān dhvajaṃ dhanur sārathiṃ ca pṛthivyāṃ nipātayām āsa |

Sañjaya sprach: Mitten im tobenden Kampf traf der Herr der Kośalas Abhimanyu mit einem Pfeil. Abhimanyu erwiderte den Schlag und streckte die Pferde jenes Königs, sein Banner, seinen Bogen und sogar seinen Wagenlenker zu Boden. Dann durchbohrte der Kośala-Herrscher, von großer Kraft, Abhimanyus Brust mit einem einzigen Schaft. Als Abhimanyu dies sah, brachte er abermals die vier Rosse des Gegners zu Fall, samt Banner, Bogen und Lenker—ein Bild der unerbittlichen kṣatriya-Kriegsethik, in der auf Können sogleich Gegenkönnen folgt, während die Gewalt sich steigert.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कोसलानाम्of the Kosalas
कोसलानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकोसल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अधिपःlord/king
अधिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णिनाwith (his) ear-ornament / by (one) named Karṇin
कर्णिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्णिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
आताडयत्struck/beat
आताडयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootताड्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ध्वजम्banner/standard
ध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चापम्bow
चापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचाप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सूतम्charioteer
सूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपातयत्caused to fall / felled
अपातयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Causative
क्षितौon the ground
क्षितौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
अभिमन्यु (Abhimanyu)
कोसल (Kośala)
कोसलाधिप/कोसलनरेश (King of Kośala)
ध्वज (banner/standard)
धनुष/चाप (bow)
सूत/सारथि (charioteer)
अश्व/हय (horses)
बाण (arrow)
युद्ध (battle)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya code in wartime: immediate response to attack, skill matched by counter-skill, and the grim moral atmosphere where honor is pursued through martial prowess even as suffering increases.

Sañjaya describes a duel-like exchange: the Kośala king strikes Abhimanyu; Abhimanyu counters by bringing down the enemy’s horses, banner, bow, and charioteer; then the Kośala king lands a powerful single-arrow blow to Abhimanyu’s chest, after which Abhimanyu again fells the opponent’s key chariot components.