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Shloka 144

यन्निर्दहति यत्‌ तीक्ष्णो यदुग्रो यत्‌ प्रतापवान्‌ । मांसशोणितमज्जादो यत्‌ ततो रुद्र उच्यते,ये प्रतापी देवता प्रलयकालमें अत्यन्त तीक्ष्ण एवं उग्र रूप धारण करके सबको दग्ध कर डालते हैं और प्राणियोंके रक्त, मांस एवं मज्जाको भी भक्षण करते हैं; अतः रौद्रभावके कारण “रुद्र' कहलाते हैं

yan nirdahati yat tīkṣṇo yad ugro yat pratāpavān | māṁsa-śoṇita-majjādo yat tato rudra ucyate ||

Jene Gottheit, die alles verbrennt, die überaus scharf und wild ist und mächtig an Kraft—die sogar Fleisch, Blut und Mark verzehrt—wird daher „Rudra“ genannt, so benannt nach ihrer schrecklichen, zornigen Natur, besonders wie sie zur Zeit der Auflösung hervortritt.

यत्that which / because (it)
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
निर्दहतिburns up, consumes by fire
निर्दहति:
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
Formpresent, third, singular, parasmaipada
यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
तीक्ष्णःsharp, fierce
तीक्ष्णः:
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
उग्रःterrible, fierce
उग्रः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
प्रतापवान्mighty, powerful, radiant
प्रतापवान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतापवत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
मांस-शोणित-मज्जा-आदःeater of flesh, blood, and marrow
मांस-शोणित-मज्जा-आदः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआद (from √अद्) with compounds मांस/शोणित/मज्जा
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
ततःtherefore, from that (reason)
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततस्
Formtrue
रुद्रःRudra
रुद्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
उच्यतेis called, is said
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formpresent, third, singular, passive (ātmanepada form)

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
R
Rudra

Educational Q&A

The verse explains the name “Rudra” through attributes of overwhelming, destructive divine power—burning, fierceness, and consuming force—highlighting a theological idea that certain divine forms embody dissolution (pralaya) as part of cosmic order.

Vyāsa is characterizing Rudra by listing his fearsome qualities, presenting a doctrinal description of a deity whose terrible form manifests with extreme intensity, especially in contexts associated with destruction and the end of cycles.