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Shloka 4

द्रौणि-पार्षतयोर्युद्धम् | The Duel of Aśvatthāmā

Drauṇi) and Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pārṣata

कथं च युद्ध सम्भूतं तयो: प्राणदुरोदरे । अत्र मन्ये समायत्तो जयो वाजय एव च,उन दोनोंमें प्राणोंकी बाजी लगाकर किस प्रकार युद्ध हुआ? मैं समझता हूँ कि यहीं उभय पक्षकी जय अथवा विजय निर्भर है

sañjaya uvāca | kathaṃ ca yuddha-sambhūtaṃ tayoḥ prāṇa-durodare | atra manye samāyatto jayo vā jaya eva ca ||

Sañjaya sprach: „Und wie kam es zum Kampf zwischen jenen beiden, da doch ihr Leben in einem gefährlichen Ringen auf dem Spiel stand? Meinem Urteil nach wird hier das Ergebnis entschieden — ob der Sieg der einen oder der anderen Seite zufällt.“

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
युद्धम्battle, fighting
युद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सम्भूतम्arisen, occurred
सम्भूतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-भू
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
तयोःof those two
तयोः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormCommon, Genitive, Dual
प्राण-दुरोदरेwhen the stake is life (lit. in the two with life as the hard stake)
प्राण-दुरोदरे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राणदुरोदर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Dual
अत्रhere, in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
मन्येI think, I consider
मन्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent, 1st, Singular, Ātmanepada
समायत्तःdependent, resting upon
समायत्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-यम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
जयःvictory
जयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
जयःvictory
जयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical gravity of war: when life itself is wagered, a single confrontation can become the decisive pivot of victory. It frames the moment as one where consequences are immediate and irreversible, urging attention to the stakes rather than mere spectacle.

Sañjaya, narrating events to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, asks how the clash between “those two” unfolded in a life-staked, perilous encounter, and he judges that the larger victory of either side depends upon what happens right here.