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Shloka 3

द्रौणि-पार्षतयोर्युद्धम् | The Duel of Aśvatthāmā

Drauṇi) and Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pārṣata

स कथं पाण्डवं युद्धे भ्राजमानमिव श्रिया । नातरत्‌ संयुगे पार्थ तन्‍्ममाचक्ष्व संजय,संजय! जो कर्ण रफक्षेत्रमें युद्धके लिये सम्पूर्ण अस्त्र-शस्त्रोंकोी धारण करके सुसज्जित हुए देवताओं तथा यक्षों, असुरों और मनुष्योंका भी निवारण कर सकता है, वह युद्धमें विजय-लक्ष्मीसे सुशोभित होते हुए-से पाण्डुनन्दन कुन्तीकुमार भीमसेनको कैसे नहीं लाँघ सका? इसका कारण मुझे बताओ

sa kathaṁ pāṇḍavaṁ yuddhe bhrājamānam iva śriyā | nātarat saṁyuge pārtha tan mamācakṣva sañjaya ||

Sañjaya sprach: „Wie konnte es geschehen, dass Karṇa in der Hitze der Schlacht jenen Pāṇḍava — Bhīmasena, den Sohn Pāṇḍus — nicht zu überflügeln vermochte, der zu lodern schien von der Gegenwart des Sieges und des Glücks? Sage mir, Sañjaya, den Grund.“

सःhe (that one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
पाण्डवम्the Pandava (son of Pandu)
पाण्डवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
भ्राजमानम्shining, resplendent
भ्राजमानम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्राज्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, शानच् (present participle, आत्मनेपद-भाव)
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
श्रियाwith fortune/splendour (Lakshmi)
श्रिया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्री
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अतरत्crossed over / passed beyond
अतरत्:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
FormAorist (लुङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
संयुगेin combat
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पार्थO Partha
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ममto me / of me
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
आचक्ष्वtell, explain
आचक्ष्व:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चक्ष्
FormImperative (लोट्), 2nd, Singular, Atmanepada
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍava (Bhīmasena implied)
B
Bhīmasena
P
Pāṇḍu
Ś
Śrī (fortune/victory)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how battlefield outcomes are not determined by prowess alone; the presence of śrī (fortune/victory) and the momentum of circumstance can make even a famed warrior fail to overcome an opponent. It frames victory as a blend of valor, timing, and destiny.

Sañjaya reports a pointed question: despite Karṇa’s reputation, why could he not push past/overcome the Pāṇḍava Bhīma in the clash? The line sets up an explanation of the tactical or providential reasons behind Karṇa’s inability to break through.