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Shloka 12

Droṇa’s Rebuke to Duryodhana after Jayadratha’s Fall (द्रोणेन दुर्योधनं प्रति प्रत्युक्तिः)

चण्डवातविभिगन्नानां समुद्राणामिव स्वन: । रणे5भवद्‌ बलौघानामन्योन्यमभिधावताम्‌,प्रचण्ड वायुके थपेड़े खाकर उद्वेलित हुए समुद्रोंक जलसे जैसा भैरव गर्जन सुनायी देता है, उस रणक्षेत्रमें एक-दूसरेपर धावा करनेवाले सैन्यसमूहोंका कोलाहल भी वैसा ही भयंकर था

caṇḍavātavibhinnānāṃ samudrāṇām iva svanaḥ | raṇe 'bhavad balaughānām anyonyam abhidhāvatām ||

Sañjaya sprach: In jener Schlacht war das Dröhnen, das aus den Heeresmassen aufstieg, als sie gegeneinander anstürmten, furchterregend—wie das donnernde Tosen der Meere, die von wilden Winden aufgewühlt und zerschlagen werden. Das Gleichnis betont die überwältigende, unpersönliche Gewalt des Krieges, in dem kollektive Wut jede individuelle Selbstzucht übertönt und das ethische Gewicht des Konflikts durch das Ausmaß der Verwüstung spürbar wird.

चण्डवातविभिन्नानाम्of (those) split/lashed by violent winds
चण्डवातविभिन्नानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootचण्डवात-विभिन्न
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
समुद्राणाम्of the oceans
समुद्राणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
स्वनःsound, roar
स्वनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अभवत्was, arose
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Lan), 3, Singular
बलौघानाम्of the masses/hosts of troops
बलौघानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootबल-ओघ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अन्योन्यम्each other, mutually
अन्योन्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्योन्य
अभिधावताम्of (those) rushing/charging (upon)
अभिधावताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-धाव
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Genitive, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
battlefield (raṇa)
A
armies/hosts (balaughāḥ)
O
oceans (samudrāḥ)
V
violent winds (caṇḍavātāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse is primarily descriptive, but it implicitly highlights how war amplifies collective aggression into an overwhelming force—suggesting that in such conditions dharma and self-restraint are severely tested, and the human cost becomes evident through the imagery of nature’s destructive power.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the armies on the battlefield are charging at each other, and the resulting uproar is as dreadful as the roar of storm-tossed oceans.