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Shloka 31

भीमसेन-द्रोण-संग्रामः

Bhīmasena and Droṇa: Containment, Advance, and Recognition

यथा हि मुखवर्णोडयमनयोरिति मेनिरे । तव योधा महाराज हतमेव जयद्रथम्‌,महाराज! उस समय उन दोनोंके मुखपर जैसी समुज्ज्वल कान्ति थी, उसके अनुसार आपके योद्धाओंने जयद्रथको मरा हुआ ही माना

yathā hi mukhavarṇodyamanayor iti menire | tava yodhā mahārāja hatam eva jayadratham ||

Sañjaya sprach: „Nach dem strahlenden Glanz, der auf den Gesichtern jener beiden aufstieg, schlossen deine Krieger, o König, dass Jayadratha wahrlich schon erschlagen sei.“

यथाjust as / as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
मुख-वर्ण-उदयम्the rising/appearance of (their) facial complexion (brightness)
मुख-वर्ण-उदयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमुखवर्णोदय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनयोःof these two
अनयोः:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (अनयोः = of these two)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मेनिरेthey thought / considered
मेनिरे:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
योधाःwarriors
योधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महा-राजO great king
महा-राज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
हतम्slain
हतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (हत)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed / only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
जयद्रथम्Jayadratha
जयद्रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजयद्रथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
J
Jayadratha
T
the two (unnamed persons referred to as 'anayoḥ')
K
Kaurava warriors

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, people often infer outcomes from outward signs—such as a sudden radiance or confidence on faces—showing the power and limits of perception and rumor in shaping morale and judgment.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava fighters, seeing a striking brightness on the faces of two individuals, assumed that Jayadratha had already been killed, indicating a shift in battlefield expectation and morale.