Shloka 51

कालयुक्तधर्मविवेकः

Discerning Dharma in Accord with Time

Devanagari script

।। विपरीतस्तु धर्मात्मा रूपवानभिजायते

Transliteration

viparītastu dharmātmā rūpavān abhijāyate | devi! hiṁsāpremī manuṣyaḥ svapāpakarmakāraṇād anyeṣāṁ vadhyaḥ sarvaprāṇinām apriyaś cālpāyuś ca bhavati ||

Translation

Maheshvara sprach: „Wer jedoch von Natur aus dem Gegenteil der Gewalt zuneigt, wird als rechtschaffene Seele geboren und mit Schönheit begabt. O Devi, der Mensch, der Gefallen daran findet, anderen zu schaden, wird aufgrund seiner sündhaften Taten für andere zum rechtmäßigen Opfer, ist allen Wesen verhasst und von kurzer Lebensdauer.“

Word by Word

• विपरीतः: contrary, opposite (in nature)
• विपरीतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपरीत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but, however
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• धर्मात्मा: righteous-souled person
• धर्मात्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• रूपवान्: handsome, possessing beauty
• रूपवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रूपवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अभिजायते: is born, comes into being
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-√जन् (जायते)
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

Speaker

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śrī-Maheśvara (Mahādeva/Śiva)
• Devī

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A person inclined to non-violence and righteousness gains auspicious results such as good character and beauty, while one who loves violence accrues sinful karma that makes him hated, vulnerable to destruction, and short-lived.

What is happening in the narrative?

Maheśvara addresses Devī, contrasting the outcomes of two dispositions—non-violent dharmic conduct versus delight in harming others—by stating the karmic and social consequences that follow each.