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Shloka 8

ययाति–दौहित्रसंवादः

Yayāti and the Grandsons: Discourse on Lokas, Dāna, and Satya

नारुन्तुदः स्यान्न नृशंसवादी न हीनत: परमभ्याददीत । ययास्य वाचा पर उद्विजेत नतां वदेदुषतीं पापलोक्याम्‌,क्रोधवश किसीके मर्म-स्थानमें चोट न पहुँचाये (ऐसा बर्ताव न करे, जिससे किसीको मार्मिक पीड़ा हो)। किसीके प्रति कठोर बात भी मुँहसे न निकाले। अनुचित उपायसे शत्रुको भी वशमें न करे। जो जीको जलानेवाली हो, जिससे दूसरेको उद्वेग होता हो, ऐसी बात मुँहसे न बोले; क्योंकि पापीलोग ही ऐसी बातें बोला करते हैं

śakra uvāca | nāruntudaḥ syān na nṛśaṃsavādī na hīnataḥ param abhyādadīta | yayāsya vācā para udvijeta na tāṃ vaded uṣatīṃ pāpalokyām ||

Śakra sprach: „Man soll kein Quäler anderer sein und keine grausamen Worte führen. Man soll keinen Vorteil über einen anderen durch niedrige, unwürdige Mittel suchen. Man soll keine Rede äußern, durch die ein anderer bekümmert wird; solch brennende, aufwühlende Worte gehören den Sündigen.“

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अरुन्तुदःa wounder/one who hurts (others)
अरुन्तुदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअरुन्तुद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (भू)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नृशंसवादीone who speaks cruelly
नृशंसवादी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृशंस-वादिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हीनतःfrom a low/mean (means); by improper means
हीनतः:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootहीन
FormMasculine/Neuter (ablative adverbial), Ablative, Singular
परम्another person; the other
परम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभ्याददीतshould subdue/overpower (lit. take to oneself)
अभ्याददीत:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (ददाति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, अभि,आ
ययाby which
यया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अस्यof him/of this person
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वाचाby speech/with words
वाचा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
परःanother person
परः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उद्विजेतshould be distressed/agitated
उद्विजेत:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-√विज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, उद्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ताम्that (speech/word)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वदेत्should speak
वदेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उषतीम्burning/tormenting
उषतीम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउषत्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पापलोक्याम्fit for/leading to the world of sinners (sinful, hell-leading)
पापलोक्याम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपाप-लोक्य
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

शक्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)

Educational Q&A

Practice restraint in speech and conduct: do not torment others, do not speak cruelly, do not gain advantage through ignoble means, and avoid words that burn or agitate others—such speech is marked as sinful.

Indra (Śakra) is giving a dharma-instruction focused on ethical communication and self-control, warning against harsh, distressing speech and base methods of dealing with others.