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Shloka 10

ययाति–शक्रसंवादः

Speech-Ethics and Forbearance in the Celestial Court

अथ निष्क्रम्य राजासौ तस्मिन्‌ काले यदृच्छया । अशोकवनिकाशभ्याशे शर्मिष्षां प्रेक्ष्य विछ्ठित:,शर्मिष्ठा इस प्रकार विचार कर ही रही थी कि राजा ययाति उसी समय दैववश महलसे बाहर निकले और अशोकवाटिकाके निकट शर्मिष्ठाको देखकर ठहर गये

atha niṣkramya rājāsau tasmin kāle yadṛcchayā | aśokavanikā-samīpe śarmiṣṭhāṃ prekṣya tiṣṭhitaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: Genau zu jener Zeit trat der König zufällig hinaus. Durch bloßen Zufall erblickte er nahe dem Aśoka-Hain Śarmiṣṭhā und blieb dort stehen—eine Begegnung, die wie ein Versehen wirkt, doch ein sittlich aufgeladenes Zusammentreffen in Gang setzt, in dem Begehren und Pflicht (Dharma) bald geprüft werden.

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
निष्क्रम्यhaving gone out
निष्क्रम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनिष्-क्रम्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असौthat (he)
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (pronoun stem: अदस्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्मिन्at that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
कालेtime
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यदृच्छयाby chance
यदृच्छया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयदृच्छा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अशोकवनिकायाःof the Ashoka-grove
अशोकवनिकायाः:
TypeNoun
Rootअशोक-वनिका
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
अभ्याशेnear
अभ्याशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअभ्याश
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
शर्मिष्ठाम्Sharmishtha
शर्मिष्ठाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशर्मिष्ठा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रेक्ष्यhaving seen
प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ईक्ष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
विच्छित्तःstood still / halted
विच्छित्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-स्था (or स्था with vi-; past passive participle used adjectivally)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (PPP)

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
King Yayāti
Ś
Śarmiṣṭhā
A
Aśoka-grove (Aśokavanikā)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how seemingly chance events can become decisive moral tests: a ruler’s spontaneous encounter may awaken desire, but the ethical weight lies in how one responds—through restraint, responsibility, and adherence to dharma.

As Śarmiṣṭhā is in a reflective state, King Yayāti happens to come out of the palace, sees her near the aśoka-garden, and stops—setting up the next exchange and the ensuing consequences in the Yayāti–Śarmiṣṭhā episode.