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Shloka 51

Ādi-parva Adhyāya 3 — Janamejaya’s Rite, Dhaumya’s Parīkṣā, and Uttanka’s Kuṇḍala Quest (सर्पसत्रप्रस्तावना–गुरुपरीक्षा–उत्तङ्कोपाख्यान)

स तैरर्कपन्रैर्भक्षितै: क्षारतिक्तकदुरूक्षैस्तीक्षणविपाकैश्नक्षुष्युपहतो5न्धो बभूव । ततः सो<न्धोडपि चड्क्रम्यमाण: कूपे पपात,आकके पत्ते खारे, तीखे, कड़वे और रूखे होते हैं। उनका परिणाम तीक्ष्ण होता है (पाचनकालमें वे पेटके अंदर आगकी ज्वाला-सी उठा देते हैं)) अतः: उनको खानेसे उपमन्युकी आँखोंकी ज्योति नष्ट हो गयी। वह अन्धा हो गया। अन्धा होनेपर भी वह इधर- उधर घूमता रहा; अतः कुएँमें गिर पड़ा

sa tair arkaparṇair bhakṣitaiḥ kṣāra-tikta-kaḍu-rūkṣais tīkṣṇa-vipākaiś cakṣuṣy-upahato 'ndho babhūva | tataḥ so 'ndho 'pi caṅkramyamāṇaḥ kūpe papāta |

Jene Arka-Blätter, salzig, bitter, scharf und rau, mit einer stechenden, brennenden Nachwirkung, verletzten Upamanyus Augenlicht, und er wurde blind. Dann irrte er, obgleich blind, weiter umher und stürzte in diesem Zustand in einen Brunnen.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तैःby/with those
तैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अर्कपर्णैःwith arka-leaves (Calotropis leaves)
अर्कपर्णैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्कपर्ण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
भक्षितैःeaten/consumed
भक्षितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootभक्ष्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
क्षारalkaline/salty
क्षार:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तिक्तbitter
तिक्त:
TypeAdjective
Rootतिक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कदुरूक्षैःand rough/harsh (very rough)
कदुरूक्षैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootकदुरूक्ष
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
तीक्ष्णविपाकैःhaving a sharp/strong digestion-result
तीक्ष्णविपाकैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्णविपाक
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
चक्षुषिin the eye/eyesight
चक्षुषि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
उपहतःinjured/struck
उपहतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-हन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
अन्धःblind
अन्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बभूवbecame
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्धःblind
अन्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
क्रम्यमाणःwalking/stepping about
क्रम्यमाणः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present middle participle), Atmanepada
कूपेinto/in a well
कूपे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकूप
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पपातfell
पपात:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

राम उवाच

U
Upamanyu
A
arka leaves (arka-parṇa)
W
well (kūpa)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights the ethical necessity of restraint and faithful observance of a student’s discipline under the guru. When one tries to satisfy hunger through harmful or improper substitutes, the result can be self-injury and further downfall—here symbolized by loss of sight and the fall into a well.

Upamanyu eats arka leaves, which are caustic and have a harsh digestive effect. His eyesight is damaged and he becomes blind; still moving about, he accidentally falls into a well.