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Shloka 50

Ādi-parva Adhyāya 3 — Janamejaya’s Rite, Dhaumya’s Parīkṣā, and Uttanka’s Kuṇḍala Quest (सर्पसत्रप्रस्तावना–गुरुपरीक्षा–उत्तङ्कोपाख्यान)

तथा प्रतिषिद्धो भैक्ष्यं नाश्नाति न चान्यच्चरति पयो न पिबति फेन॑ नोपयुद्धक्ते । स कदाचिदरणप्ये क्षुधार्तोंडर्कपत्राण्यभक्षयत्‌,इस प्रकार मना करनेपर उपमन्यु न तो भिक्षाका अन्न खाता, न दुबारा भिक्षा लाता, न गौओंका दूध पीता और न बछड़ोंके फेनको ही उपयोगमें लाता था (अब वह भूखा रहने लगा)। एक दिन वनमें भूखसे पीड़ित होकर उसने आकके पत्ते चबा लिये

tathā pratiṣiddho bhaikṣyaṃ nāśnāti na cānyac carati payo na pibati phenaṃ nopayujyate | sa kadācid araṇye kṣudhārto ’rkapattrāṇy abhakṣayat |

So aß Upamanyu nach dem Verbot weder Almosenspeise noch ging er erneut betteln; er trank keine Kuhmilch und machte sich auch den Schaum der Kälber nicht zunutze. In Hunger lebend, kaute und aß er eines Tages im Wald, von der Not des Hungers gequält, die Blätter der Arka-Pflanze.

तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
प्रतिषिद्धःforbidden, prohibited
प्रतिषिद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतिषिद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भैक्ष्यम्alms-food, food obtained by begging
भैक्ष्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभैक्ष्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अश्नातिeats
अश्नाति:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
nor, not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यत्anything else, other (thing)
अन्यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चरतिdoes, practices; (here) undertakes/uses
चरति:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
पयःmilk
पयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपयस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पिबतिdrinks
पिबति:
TypeVerb
Rootपा
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
फेनम्foam (of milk), froth
फेनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफेन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपयुङ्क्तेuses, partakes of
उपयुङ्क्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (उप-युज्)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कदाचित्once, at some time
कदाचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचित्
अरण्येin the forest
अरण्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअरण्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
क्षुधाby hunger
क्षुधा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुध्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
आर्तःdistressed, afflicted
आर्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्कपत्राणिleaves of the arka plant (Calotropis)
अर्कपत्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्कपत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अभक्षयत्ate, consumed
अभक्षयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभक्ष् (अ-भक्ष्)
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

राम उवाच

U
Upamanyu
F
forest (araṇya)
A
alms-food (bhaikṣya)
C
cow’s milk (payaḥ)
C
calves’ froth (phena)
A
arka leaves (arka-pattrāṇi)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights disciplined obedience and restraint, but also implies that austerity must be guided by discernment; when basic needs are ignored without wise guidance, one may resort to harmful alternatives.

Upamanyu, having been prohibited, refuses alms-food, does not beg again, and avoids milk and even calves’ froth; weakened by hunger, he eventually eats arka leaves in the forest to stave off starvation.