HomeMahabharataAdi ParvaAdhyaya 3Shloka 119
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Shloka 119

Ādi-parva Adhyāya 3 — Janamejaya’s Rite, Dhaumya’s Parīkṣā, and Uttanka’s Kuṇḍala Quest (सर्पसत्रप्रस्तावना–गुरुपरीक्षा–उत्तङ्कोपाख्यान)

अथ तदन्नं मुक्तकेश्या स्त्रिया यत्‌ कृतमनुष्णं सकेशं चाशुच्येतदिति मत्वा तमृषिमुत्तड़क॑ प्रसादयामास,वह भोजन खुले केशवाली स्त्रीने तैयार किया था। अतः उसमें केश पड़ गया था। देरका बना होनेसे वह ठण्डा भी हो गया था। इसलिये वह अपवित्र है, इस निश्चयपर पहुँचकर राजाने उत्तंक ऋषिको प्रसन्न करते हुए कहा--

atha tad annaṃ muktakeśyā striyā yat kṛtam anuṣṇaṃ sakeśaṃ cāśucy etad iti matvā tam ṛṣim uttaṅkaṃ prasādayāmāsa |

Dann, da er bedachte, dass die Speise von einer Frau mit offenem, losem Haar bereitet worden war, dass sich daher ein Haar darin befand und sie überdies, weil sie schon länger stand, kalt geworden war, erklärte der König sie für unrein. Mit diesem Urteil suchte er den Weisen Uttaṅka zu besänftigen und sprach in versöhnlichem Ton—nicht aus Geringschätzung, sondern aus Sorge um rituelle Reinheit und geziemende Ordnung.

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मुक्तकेश्याby a woman with loose hair
मुक्तकेश्या:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमुक्तकेशी
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
स्त्रियाby a woman
स्त्रिया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
कृतम्made, prepared
कृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अनुष्णम्not hot, cold
अनुष्णम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुष्ण
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सकेशम्with hair (fallen into it)
सकेशम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसकेश
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अशुचिimpure
अशुचि:
TypeAdjective
Rootअशुचि
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मत्वाhaving thought/considered
मत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), Parasmaipada (usage)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ऋषिम्sage
ऋषिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्तङ्कःUttaṅka
उत्तङ्कः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तङ्क
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रसादयामासpleased, propitiated
प्रसादयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रसादय् (प्र+सद् caus.)
FormPerfect (लिट्) periphrastic, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

राम उवाच

U
Uttaṅka (sage)
T
the king (speaker)
A
a woman with loosened hair (cook)
F
food/meal (anna)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights the ethical tension between honoring a revered guest (especially a sage) and maintaining standards of ritual cleanliness. It suggests that one should communicate refusals respectfully, grounding them in principled concerns rather than contempt, and seek reconciliation when a dharmic norm (such as purity in offerings) is at stake.

The king observes that the offered food seems contaminated (hair in it) and has become cold, and that it was prepared under conditions he deems improper (a woman with unbound hair). Concluding it is impure, he attempts to placate the sage Uttaṅka and explains his stance diplomatically.