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Shloka 77

Āṇīmāṇḍavya–Upākhyāna

The Account of Āṇīmāṇḍavya and the Birth of Vidura

दाश उवाच (राज्यशुल्का प्रदातव्या कन्येयं याचतां वर | अपत्यं यद्‌ भवेत्‌ तस्या: स राजास्तु पितु: परम्‌ ।।) दाशराज बोला--याचकोंमें श्रेष्ठ राजकुमार! इस कन्याको देनेमें मैंने राज्यको ही शुल्क रखा है। इसके गर्भसे जो पुत्र उत्पन्न हो, वही पिताके बाद राजा हो। त्वमेव नाथ: पर्याप्त: शान्तनोर्भरतर्षभ | पुत्र: शस्त्र भूतां श्रेष्ठ: कि तु वक्ष्यामि ते वच:,भरतर्षभ! राजा शानन्‍्तनुके पुत्र अकेले आप ही सबकी रक्षाके लिये पर्याप्त हैं। शस्त्रधारियोंमें आप सबसे श्रेष्ठ समझे जाते हैं; परंतु तो भी मैं अपनी बात आपके सामने रखूँगा

dāśa uvāca | rājyaśulkā pradātavyā kanyeyaṃ yācatāṃ vara | apatyaṃ yad bhavet tasyāḥ sa rājāstu pituḥ param ||

Dāśa sprach: „O Bester unter den Freiern, diese Jungfrau wird nur gegeben gegen einen Brautpreis: das Königreich selbst. Das Kind, das aus ihr hervorgeht, soll nach seinem Vater König sein.“

दाशःDaśa (the fisherman)
दाशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदाश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
राज्य-शुल्काhaving the kingdom as the bride-price/toll
राज्य-शुल्का:
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य + शुल्क
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रदातव्याis to be given / must be given
प्रदातव्या:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + दा
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), Feminine, Nominative, Singular, Passive obligation
कन्याmaiden, daughter
कन्या:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इयम्this
इयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
याचताम्of those who ask/suitors
याचताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootयाच्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
वरO best (of suitors)
वर:
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अपत्यम्offspring, child
अपत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअपत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यत्which/whatever
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
भवेत्may be / should be / would be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तस्याःof her
तस्याः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
सःhe/that (son)
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्तुlet him be
अस्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperative (Lot), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
पितुःafter the father / from the father
पितुः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive/Ablative, Singular
परम्afterwards, next (in succession)
परम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed, alone
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नाथःprotector, lord
नाथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पर्याप्तःsufficient, capable
पर्याप्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर्याप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शान्तनोःof Śāntanu
शान्तनोः:
TypeNoun
Rootशान्तनु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भरत-ऋषभO bull among the Bharatas
भरत-ऋषभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत + ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शस्त्र-भूतानाम्of those who bear weapons / of warriors
शस्त्र-भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र + भूत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठःbest
श्रेष्ठः:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्what then? (yet)
किम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम्
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वक्ष्यामिI will say
वक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future (Lृट्), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
तेto you / of you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative/Genitive, Singular, Masculine
वचःspeech, words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

दाश उवाच

D
Dāśa (fisherman spokesman/guardian)
T
the maiden (Satyavatī, implied)
T
the suitor (King Śāntanu, implied)
T
the future son/offspring (implied heir)
R
rājya (the kingdom)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension between personal desire and dynastic duty: marriage is framed not merely as a private union but as a political covenant, where succession and the stability of the realm are treated as binding conditions.

The fisherman-guardian sets a condition for giving the maiden in marriage: the child born from her must inherit the throne after the father. This demand directly challenges the existing line of succession and sets up the later crisis that leads to a major vow to secure the marriage.