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Kurma Purana — Uttara Bhaga, Shloka 66

Dāna-dharma: Types of Charity, Worthy Recipients, Vrata-Timings, and Śiva–Viṣṇu Propitiation

यदिस्यादधिको विप्रः शीलविद्यादिभिः स्वयम् / तस्मै यत्नेन दातव्यं अतिक्रम्यापि सन्निधिम्

yadisyādadhiko vipraḥ śīlavidyādibhiḥ svayam / tasmai yatnena dātavyaṃ atikramyāpi sannidhim

Gibt es einen Brahmanen, der durch Lebenswandel, Wissen und ähnliche Tugenden überlegen ist, so soll man ihm mit besonderer Sorgfalt geben, selbst wenn man dafür die bloß Nahen übergehen muss.

यदिif
यदि:
Condition marker (शर्त)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
FormConditional conjunction (सम्बन्धक-अव्यय) = ‘if’
स्यात्should be/is
स्यात्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormOptative/विधिलिङ्, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; ‘would be’
अधिकःsuperior
अधिकः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअधिक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; predicate adjective of विप्रः
विप्रःa Brahmin
विप्रः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
शील-विद्या-आदिभिःby conduct, learning, etc.
शील-विद्या-आदिभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootशील (प्रातिपदिक) + विद्या (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (collective), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व: ‘by conduct and learning etc.’
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
Manner (रीति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम् (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (अव्यय) = ‘oneself/indeed’
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular
यत्नेनwith effort
यत्नेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; adverbial sense ‘with effort’
दातव्यम्should be given
दातव्यम्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
FormGerundive/तव्यत् (कर्तव्यता), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative Singular; impersonal obligation: ‘it should be given’
अतिक्रम्यhaving passed over
अतिक्रम्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति-क्रम् (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/त्वान्त (क्त्वा) = ‘having passed over’
अपिeven
अपि:
Particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) = ‘even’
सन्निधिम्nearness/presence
सन्निधिम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसन्निधि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

Traditional narrator voice (Purāṇic instruction within a dāna-dharma discourse, attributed in the Kurma Purana’s frame to the teaching lineage headed by Lord Kūrma)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

FAQs

This verse does not directly define Ātman; it teaches dharma through discernment in dāna—honouring inner qualities (śīla, vidyā) over mere external proximity, a principle consistent with Purāṇic emphasis on inner worth.

No specific yoga technique is taught here; the implied discipline is ethical yoga (yama-like virtues): cultivating discernment, restraint, and reverence for learning and character—foundational supports for higher sādhana in the Kurma Purana’s broader teaching.

It does not mention Śiva or Viṣṇu explicitly; its dharma instruction aligns with the Kurma Purana’s synthesis by grounding spiritual life in ethical conduct and right action, which both Śaiva and Vaiṣṇava paths uphold as prerequisites for realization.