Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 103

Daily Duties of Brāhmaṇas: Snāna, Sandhyā, Sūrya-hṛdaya, Japa, Tarpaṇa, and the Pañca-mahāyajñas

यदि स्यात् तर्पणादर्वाक् ब्रह्मयज्ञः कृतो न हि / कृत्वा मनुष्ययज्ञं वै ततः स्वाध्यायमाचरेत्

yadi syāt tarpaṇādarvāk brahmayajñaḥ kṛto na hi / kṛtvā manuṣyayajñaṃ vai tataḥ svādhyāyamācaret

Wenn vor dem Tarpaṇa‑Ritus das brahma‑yajña (Studium/Rezitation des heiligen Wissens) tatsächlich nicht vollzogen wurde, dann soll man, nachdem man zuerst das manuṣya‑yajña (Dienst an Menschen und Gästen) erfüllt hat, danach svādhyāya, das eigene Schriftstudium, ausüben.

यदिif
यदि:
सम्बन्ध (Condition marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; शर्तसूचक (conditional particle)
स्यात्should be / were to be
स्यात्:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
तर्पणात्from tarpaṇa (libation)
तर्पणात्:
अपादान (Apadana/From)
TypeNoun
Rootतर्पण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन
अर्वाक्before/earlier
अर्वाक्:
सम्बन्ध (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअर्वाक् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देश/कालवाचक (before/below; here: earlier than)
ब्रह्मयज्ञःthe brahma-yajña
ब्रह्मयज्ञः:
कर्ता/विषय (Subject/topic)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः
कृतःdone/performed
कृतः:
कर्तृविशेषण/विधेय (Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत (प्रातिपदिक; कृ धातोः क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; कर्मणि-भावे (done/performed)
not
:
सम्बन्ध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation)
हिindeed/for
हि:
सम्बन्ध (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (for/indeed)
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund); पूर्वक्रिया
मनुष्ययज्ञम्man-sacrifice (hospitality to humans)
मनुष्ययज्ञम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक) + यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: मनुष्याणां यज्ञः
वैindeed
वै:
सम्बन्ध (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निश्चय/अनुनासिक-निपात (emphatic particle)
ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
सम्बन्ध (Sequence marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रम/अनन्तर (thereafter/from that)
स्वाध्यायम्self-study (Vedic recitation)
स्वाध्यायम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वाध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन
आचरेत्should practice/perform
आचरेत्:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चर् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

Sūta (narrator) conveying the Kurma Purana’s dharma-instructions in context

Primary Rasa: shanta

B
Brahma-yajña
M
Manuṣya-yajña
T
Tarpaṇa
S
Svādhyāya

FAQs

Indirectly: it frames svādhyāya (scriptural self-study) as a compulsory means of right knowledge, which in the Purāṇic-śāstric view culminates in understanding the Self and the Lord through śruti/smṛti-based inquiry.

Not aṣṭāṅga-yoga directly; the practice emphasized is svādhyāya—disciplined recitation and study—treated as a daily sādhana that purifies the mind and supports higher contemplation taught elsewhere in the Kurma Purana, including Shaiva-Vaishnava synthesis themes.

This verse is procedural (nitya-karma) rather than theological; it supports the Purana’s broader integrative approach by grounding spiritual realization in shared dharma practices—hospitality, tarpaṇa, and sacred study—common across Shaiva and Vaishnava traditions.