Shloka 21
Śrāddha-kalpa: Dāna-phala-nirdeśa
Gifts in Śrāddha and Their Fruits
Devanagari script
गावस्तमुपतिष्ठन्ति नरं पुष्टिस्तथैव च / दद्याद्यः शिशिरे चाग्निं बहुकाष्ठं प्रयत्नतः
Transliteration
gāvastamupatiṣṭhanti naraṃ puṣṭistathaiva ca / dadyādyaḥ śiśire cāgniṃ bahukāṣṭhaṃ prayatnataḥ
Translation
Wer in der kalten Jahreszeit mit Eifer das Geschenk des Feuers samt reichlich Brennholz darbringt, dem dienen die Kühe, und er erlangt auch Kraft und Gedeihen.
Word by Word
gāvaḥcows
gāvaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
upatiṣṭhantiattend/stand by
upatiṣṭhanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-√sthā (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
naramman
naram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
puṣṭiḥnourishment/prosperity
puṣṭiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpuṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
tathāthus/likewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable adverb (अव्यय-क्रियाविशेषण)
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable particle of emphasis (निपात)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
dadyātshould give
dadyāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dā (धातु)
FormOptative/benedictive sense (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
yaḥwho (he who)
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
śiśirein winter/cold season
śiśire:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśiśira (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
agnimfire
agnim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootagni (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
bahu-kāṣṭhammuch wood (as fuel)
bahu-kāṣṭham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootbahu (प्रातिपदिक) + kāṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying agnim (as fuel/wood)
prayatnataḥwith effort/diligently
prayatnataḥ:
Sambandha (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootprayatna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAblative used adverbially (तसिल्-प्रत्यय/अव्ययीभावार्थ), ‘from effort’ → ‘with effort’