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Shloka 37

Kṛṣṇa’s Queens, Their Sons, and Balarāma’s Victory over Rukmī at Dice

Aniruddha–Rocanā Marriage Context

कलिङ्गराजं तरसा गृहीत्वा दशमे पदे । दन्तानपातयत् क्रुद्धो योऽहसद् विवृतैर्द्विजै: ॥ ३७ ॥

kaliṅga-rājaṁ tarasā gṛhītvā daśame pade dantān apātayat kruddho yo ’hasad vivṛtair dvijaiḥ

Der König von Kaliṅga, der den Herrn Balarāma mit entblößten Zähnen ausgelacht hatte, wollte fliehen; doch der zornige Herr packte ihn im Ansturm beim zehnten Schritt und schlug ihm alle Zähne aus.

kaliṅga-rājamthe king of Kaliṅga
kaliṅga-rājam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkaliṅga (प्रातिपदिक) + rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘कलिङ्गानां राजा’
tarasāwith force
tarasā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottaras (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), तृतीया, एकवचन
gṛhītvāhaving seized
gṛhītvā:
Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√grah (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund): ‘गृहीत्वा’ = having seized
daśameat the tenth
daśame:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdaśama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; क्रमवाचक (ordinal) विशेषण
padestep/place
pade:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
dantānteeth
dantān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdanta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
apātayatmade (them) fall/knocked out
apātayat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roota-√pat (धातु, causative)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; णिच्-प्रेरणार्थ (causative): ‘पातयति’ = causes to fall
kruddhaḥangry
kruddhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkrudh (धातु) + ta (कृत्)
Formभूतकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)
ahasatlaughed
ahasat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roothas (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
vivṛtaiḥwith open (mouths)
vivṛtaiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-√vṛ (धातु) + ta (कृत्)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; ‘विवृत’ = opened/wide (here: with open mouths)
dvijaiḥby the twice-born (brāhmaṇas)
dvijaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
K
King of Kaliṅga

FAQs

This verse shows that derisive laughter and arrogant mockery invite swift correction; Kṛṣṇa upholds dignity and dharma by restraining those who disrespect others.

Because the King of Kaliṅga laughed with bared teeth in a taunting, disrespectful way; Kṛṣṇa, angered by this insolence, seized him and knocked out his teeth.

Avoid humiliating or mocking others; cultivate humility and respectful speech, knowing that arrogance and ridicule create karmic reactions and social harm.