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Shloka 30

Kṛṣṇa’s Queens, Their Sons, and Balarāma’s Victory over Rukmī at Dice

Aniruddha–Rocanā Marriage Context

ततो लक्षं रुक्‍म्यगृह्णाद्‌ग्लहं तत्राजयद् बल: । जितवानहमित्याह रुक्‍मी कैतवमाश्रित: ॥ ३० ॥

tato lakṣaṁ rukmy agṛhṇād glahaṁ tatrājayad balaḥ jitavān aham ity āha rukmī kaitavam āśritaḥ

Dann nahm Rukmī einen Einsatz von hunderttausend Münzen an, den Balarāma gewann. Doch Rukmī griff zur Täuschung und rief: „Ich habe gewonnen!“

ततःthen
ततः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रम/अनन्तर-अव्यय (then/thereupon)
लक्षम्a lakh (100,000)
लक्षम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootlakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; accusative singular
रुक्मीRukmi
रुक्मी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrukmin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
अगृह्णात्took (the stake)
अगृह्णात्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√grah (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘took/accepted’
ग्लहम्wager/bet
ग्लहम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootglaha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; accusative singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; locative adverb
अजयत्won/defeated
अजयत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ji (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
बलःBalarama
बलः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
जितवान्(I) have won
जितवान्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Root√ji (धातु) + kta-vat (कृत्)
Formक्तवत्-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘having won’
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात
आहsaid
आह:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ah (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘said’
रुक्मीRukmi
रुक्मी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrukmin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular
कैतवम्cheating/fraud
कैतवम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkaitava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; accusative singular
आश्रितःresorting to
आश्रितः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootā-√śri (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; nominative singular; ‘having resorted to’
B
Balarāma
R
Rukmī

FAQs

In this verse, Rukmī “takes shelter of cheating” and falsely claims victory even after being defeated, showing that deceit is adharma and arises from pride.

Because he was overcome by arrogance and resorted to kaitava (fraud), refusing to accept defeat despite the actual outcome of the wager.

Accept results honestly, avoid manipulating rules to ‘appear’ successful, and recognize that pride pushes one toward unethical choices.