Mantra 18
Sukta 1
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
प्रेतो मुञ्चामि नामुतः सुबद्धाममुतस्करम्। यथेयमिन्द्र मीढ्वः सुपुत्रा सुभगासति
IAST Transliteration
préto muñcāmi nā́mútaḥ subaddhā́m amútaḥ-karam | yáthéyam indra mīḍhvaḥ suputrā́ subhágā́ ’sati ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Gone forth, I loose thee not from yonder: firmly bound, making thee belong to yonder. So, O Indra, bounteous one, may this woman be rich in good sons, and fortunate.
Translation
Die Hinweggegangene löse ich dich nicht von dort: fest gebunden mache ich dich jenem Bereich zugehörig. So, o Indra, du Freigebiger, möge diese Frau reich an guten Söhnen sein und glückverheißend.
Word by Word
प्रेतःthe departed (one), the dead
प्रेतः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेत (√इ ‘to go’ → प्रेत ‘gone, departed’)
मुञ्चामिI release / set free
मुञ्चामि:
Kriyā (main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√मुच् (मुचँ) ‘to release, let go’
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अमुतःfrom there; from that (other world)
अमुतः:
Apādāna
TypePronoun
Rootअमुतस् (अदस्-प्रातिपदिक) ‘from there/that’
सुबद्धाम्the well-bound (woman/bride)
सुबद्धाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Participle
Rootसु- + बद्धा (√बन्ध् ‘to bind’ → बद्ध ‘bound’)
अमुतःfrom there; from that (place/state)
अमुतः:
Apādāna
TypePronoun
Rootअमुतस् (अदस्-प्रातिपदिक)
करम्the doer/agent (here: the one who takes away)
करम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर (√कृ ‘to do’ → कर ‘doer/hand’; here ‘one who does’)
यथाas, so that
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
इयम्this (woman)
इयम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootइन्द्र
मीढ्वःO bountiful/strong one
मीढ्वः:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun/Adjective (vocative)
Rootमीढ्वस् (प्रातिपदिक; epithet of Indra, ‘bountiful/strong’)
सुपुत्राhaving good sons
सुपुत्रा:
Kartā (predicate/attribute of इयम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक) → सुपुत्र ‘having good sons’
सुभगाfortunate
सुभगा:
Kartā (predicate/attribute of इयम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + भग (प्रातिपदिक) → सुभग ‘fortunate’
असतिmay she be / let her be
असति:
Kriyā (wish/blessing)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (असँ) ‘to be’
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic Vivāha tradition (collective attribution).
Devata: Indra (as mīḍhvas; fertility-strength and prosperity)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
Primary: vira
Secondary: shanta