Sutra 4
Devanagari script
परवृद्धिहेतुषु आपदर्थोऽनर्थः संशय इति ॥ कZ_०९.७.०४ ॥
Transliteration
paravṛddhihetuṣu āpadartho'narthaḥ saṃśaya iti
Translation
With respect to causes that increase another’s power, the results are classified as: a ‘crisis-gain’ (āpad-artha), a loss/evil (anartha), or uncertainty (saṃśaya).
Word by Word
परवृद्धिहेतुषुin/among the causes that lead to the enemy’s (other’s) increase
परवृद्धिहेतुषु:
TypeNoun
Rootहेतु
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुव्रीह/कर्मधारय-न; सप्तमी बहुवचन; ‘हेतु’ शब्दः; ‘परवृद्धेः हेतवः’ इति षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषसमासः, ततः सप्तमी बहुवचन
आपदर्थःa measure/purpose connected with calamity (a distress-measure)
आपदर्थः:
TypeNoun
Rootआपद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘अर्थ’ शब्दः; ‘आपदः अर्थः’ (=आपदर्थः)
अनर्थःharmful; not beneficial
अनर्थः:
TypeNoun
Rootअन्-अर्थ
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; नञ्-समास/उपसर्गयुक्तः (अ-र्थ)
संशयःdoubt; uncertainty
संशयः:
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन
इतिthus; so (marking the statement)
इति:
TypeParticle
Rootइति
Formअव्यय; वाक्य-समाप्त्यर्थक/उद्धरण-चिह्न
Entities Mentioned
P
para (other/potential rival)FAQs
Policy outcomes of actions that (directly or indirectly) strengthen a rival—distinguishing crisis-linked gains, net harms, and uncertain cases.