Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 30

Devanagari script

अथाषाढस्य संप्राप्ते द्वितीयादिवसे शुभे । कृष्णपक्षे सहस्राक्षं स्वयमेव बृहस्पतिः । प्रोवाच वचनं श्लक्ष्णं बाष्पव्याकुल लोचनम्

Transliteration

athāṣāḍhasya saṃprāpte dvitīyādivase śubhe | kṛṣṇapakṣe sahasrākṣaṃ svayameva bṛhaspatiḥ | provāca vacanaṃ ślakṣṇaṃ bāṣpavyākula locanam

Translation

তারপর আষাঢ় মাসের কৃষ্ণপক্ষের শুভ দ্বিতীয় তিথি এলে, স্বয়ং বৃহস্পতি অশ্রুসিক্ত ব্যাকুল নয়নে সহস্রাক্ষ (ইন্দ্র)-কে মৃদু বাক্য বললেন।

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (particle: then/now)

• आषाढस्य: of Āṣāḍha (month)
• आषाढस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आषाढ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• संप्राप्ते: when (it) had arrived
• संप्राप्ते: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; सति-सप्तमी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्+प्र+आप् (धातु) → संप्राप्त (कृदन्त/क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute)

• द्वितीयादिवसे: on the second day
• द्वितीयादिवसे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वितीया+दिवस (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (द्वितीयायाः दिवसः)

• शुभे: auspicious
• शुभे: Adhikaraṇa-viśeṣaṇa (अधिकरणविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying ‘दिवसे’)

• कृष्णपक्षे: in the dark fortnight
• कृष्णपक्षे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण+पक्ष (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (कृष्णः पक्षः)

• सहस्राक्षम्: Sahasrākṣa (Indra)
• सहस्राक्षम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र+अक्ष (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (यस्य सहस्राणि अक्षाणि सः = इन्द्रः)

• स्वयम्: himself
• स्वयम्: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; आत्मनः (adverb: oneself)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (particle: indeed/only)

• बृहस्पतिः: Bṛhaspati
• बृहस्पतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बृहस्पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• प्रोवाच: said, spoke forth
• प्रोवाच: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र+वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• वचनम्: speech, words
• वचनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• श्लक्ष्णम्: gentle, soft
• श्लक्ष्णम्: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्लक्ष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying ‘वचनम्’)

• बाष्प-व्याकुल: agitated with tears
• बाष्प-व्याकुल: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बाष्प+व्याकुल (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (बाष्पेण व्याकुलम्) विशेषणम्

• लोचनम्: eyes (as: with tear-troubled eyes)
• लोचनम्: Karma (कर्म; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; ‘वचनम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणरूपेण (appositional/qualifying)

Speaker

Narrative voice (introducing Bṛhaspati’s speech)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Aśūnyaśayanā-tithi at Jalaśāyī-tīrtha

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: On the second day of Āṣāḍha dark fortnight, Bṛhaspati—tearful yet composed—speaks softly to Indra in a celestial court, indicating the auspiciousness of the day.

Characters & Entities

• Āṣāḍha
• Kṛṣṇapakṣa
• Bṛhaspati
• Sahasrākṣa (Indra)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma is timed and taught: sacred calendrical moments become gateways for instruction, worship, and renewal.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The teaching occurs within the same tīrtha setting established earlier in the chapter, now linked to a calendrical observance.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

The verse signals the start-time: Āṣāḍha kṛṣṇapakṣa dvitīyā (second tithi) as an auspicious day connected to the forthcoming vrata teaching.