Shukla Yajur Veda — Adhyaya 20, Mantra 42
Rishi: Ṛgvedic seer-tradition (Soma morning liturgy)
Devata: Divine Hotṛ-pair; Indra; Jyotis (eastward light) as ritual object
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
दैव्या॒ मिमा॑ना॒ मनु॑षः पुरु॒त्रा होता॑रा॒विन्द्रं॑ प्रथ॒मा सु॒वाचा॑ । मू॒र्धन् य॒ज्ञस्य॒ मधु॑ना॒ दधा॑ना प्रा॒चीनं॒ ज्योति॑र्ह॒विषा॑ वृधातः
Transliteration
daivyā́ mimānā mánuṣaḥ purutrā́ hotā́rāv índraṃ prathamā́ suvā́cā | mū́rdhan yajñásya mádhunā dádhānā prācī́naṃ jyótir havíṣā vṛdhātaḥ ||
Translation
দৈব দুই হোত্র—মানুষের জন্য বহু স্থানে (যজ্ঞ-ক্রম) পরিমাপ করতে করতে—প্রথমে সুমধুর বাক্যে ইন্দ্রকে আহ্বান করে। যজ্ঞের মস্তকে মধু (মাধুর্য) স্থাপন করে, হবি দ্বারা প্রাচীন (পূর্বাভিমুখ) জ্যোতিকে তারা বৃদ্ধি করুক।
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
दैव्यौ । मिमाना । मनुषः । पुरुत्रा । होतारौ । इन्द्रम् । प्रथमा । सुवाचा । मूर्धन् । यज्ञस्य । मधुना । दधानौ । प्राचीनम् । ज्योतिः । हविषा । वृधातः
Word by Word
दैव्याःdivine (fem. pl.), heavenly
दैव्याः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootदैव्य (प्रातिपदिक; देव-तद्धित)
मिमानाःmeasuring, apportioning
मिमानाः:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootमा (धातु) → मिमान (शतृ/वर्तमान कृदन्त)
मनुषःof Manu (i.e., of mankind/Manu)
मनुषः:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमनु (प्रातिपदिक)
पुरुत्राin many places, widely
पुरुत्रा:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरुत्रा (अव्यय)
होतारौthe two Hotṛ-priests / invokers
होतारौ:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रथमाfirst (at first)
प्रथमा:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
सुवाचाwith good speech / well-uttered
सुवाचा:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-वाच् (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय)
मूर्धन्the head, summit
मूर्धन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)
यज्ञस्यof the sacrifice
यज्ञस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
मधुनाwith sweetness / with honey (sweetness)
मधुना:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
दधानाःplacing, bearing
दधानाः:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु) → दधान (शतृ/वर्तमान कृदन्त)
प्राचीनम्eastern, forward-facing / from the east
प्राचीनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राचीन (प्रातिपदिक)
ज्योतिःlight, radiance
ज्योतिः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
हविषाwith oblation
हविषा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
वृधातःmay the two increase / strengthen
वृधातः:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootवृध् (धातु)
Entities Mentioned
D
Divine Hotṛ-pair (दैव्या होतारौ)I
IndraJ
Jyotis (eastward light)M
Madhu (sweetness)Ritual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes