Shukla Yajur Veda — Adhyaya 20, Mantra 41
Rishi: Ṛgvedic seer-tradition for Uṣas/Naktā and Indra in Soma liturgy
Devata: Uṣas, Naktā; and Indra as recipient
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उ॒षासा॒नक्ता॑ बृह॒ती बृ॒हन्तं॒ पय॑स्वती सु॒दुघे॒ शूर॒मिन्द्र॑म् । तन्तुं॑ त॒तं पेश॑सा सं॒वय॑न्ती दे॒वानां॑ दे॒वं य॑जतः सुरु॒क्मे
Transliteration
uṣāsā náktā bṛhatī́ bṛhántaṃ páyasvatī sudúghe śū́ram índram | tántuṃ tatáṃ péśasā saṃváyantī devā́nāṃ deváṃ yajataḥ surúkṣme ||
Translation
উষা ও রাত্রি—মহতী দেবীদ্বয়—দুগ্ধসমৃদ্ধ, সুদোহিনী, বীর ইন্দ্রের নিকট আসে। সুন্দর কুশলতায় প্রসারিত তন্তু বুনতে বুনতে, তারা দেবদের দেব, যজ্য, সুরুক্ম-ভূষিত (দীপ্তিময়)কে (প্রাপ্ত হয়)।
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
उषासा । नक्ता । बृहती । बृहन्तम् । पयस्वती । सुदुघे । शूरम् । इन्द्रम् । तन्तुम् । ततम् । पेशसा । संवयन्ती । देवानाम् । देवम् । यजतः । सुरुक्ष्मे
Word by Word
उषासाDawn (the two Dawns / Dawn as a pair with Night)
उषासा:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
नक्ताNight
नक्ता:
Kartā (सहकर्तृभावे) / उषासा-समुच्चय
TypeNoun
Rootनक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
बृहतीthe two great (ones)
बृहती:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
बृहन्तम्the great
बृहन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
पयस्वतीrich in milk/abundance
पयस्वती:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपयस् + वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
सुदुघेwell-milking, yielding well
सुदुघे:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु + दुह् (धातु) → सुदुघ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
शूरम्the heroic
शूरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशूर (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
तन्तुम्the thread
तन्तुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतन्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
ततम्stretched, extended
ततम्:
Karma (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootतन् (धातु) → ततम् (कृदन्त)
पेशसाwith beauty/ornament, with adornment
पेशसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपेशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
संवयन्तीweaving together, interlacing
संवयन्ती:
Kartā
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootसम् + वे (धातु) → संवयन्ती (वर्तमाने कृदन्त/शतृ)
देवानाम्of the gods
देवानाम्:
Sambandha (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
देवम्the god
देवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
यजतःworthy of worship
यजतः:
Karma (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयज् (धातु) → यजत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
सुरुक्मेhaving good/golden ornaments
सुरुक्मे:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु + रुक्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Entities Mentioned
U
Uṣas (Dawn)N
Naktā (Night)I
IndraRitual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes