Shukla Yajur Veda — Adhyaya 20, Mantra 30
Rishi: Soma-hymnic tradition (RV-derived)
Devata: Indra with the Maruts
Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh-like (RV-style; liturgical adaptation)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
बृ॒हदिन्द्रा॑य गायत॒ मरु॑तो वृत्र॒हन्त॑मम् । येन॒ ज्योति॒रज॑नयन्नृता॒वृधो॑ दे॒वं दे॒वाय॒ जागृ॑वि
Transliteration
bṛhád índrāya gāyata máruto vṛtrahántamam | yéna jyótir ájanayan ṛtā́vṛdho deváṃ devā́ya jā́gṛvi ||
Translation
ইন্দ্রের জন্য—সেই মহান্ ইন্দ্রের জন্য—গান করো; হে মরুতগণ, পরম বৃত্রহন্তার উদ্দেশে গাও। যাঁর দ্বারা ঋত-বর্ধক (দেবশক্তিগণ) জ্যোতি উৎপন্ন করেছিল—জাগ্রত দেবের জন্য, দেবের নিমিত্ত, গাও।
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
बृ॒हत् । इन्द्रा॑य । गायत । मरु॑तः । वृत्र॒-हन्त॑मम् । येन । ज्योतिः । अजनयन् । ऋता॒-वृधः॑ । दे॒वम् । दे॒वाय॑ । जागृ॑वि ।
Word by Word
बृहत्a great (hymn/song)
बृहत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहत् (प्रातिपदिक; √बृह् ‘वर्धने’ से) अथवा विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक
इन्द्रायfor Indra
इन्द्राय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
गायतsing (you all)!
गायत:
(वाक्य-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√गै (गाने)
मरुतःthe Maruts
मरुतः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
वृत्रहन्तमम्the most Vṛtra-slaying (one)
वृत्रहन्तमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र + √हन् ‘हिंसागत्योः’)
येनby which
येन:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ज्योतिःlight
ज्योतिः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
अजनयन्they generated/produced
अजनयन्:
(वाक्य-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (जनने) caus. √जन् → जनयति
ऋतावृधःgrowing by/with ṛta (cosmic order)
ऋतावृधः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootऋतावृध् (प्रातिपदिक; ऋत + √वृध् ‘वर्धने’)
देवम्the god
देवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
देवायfor the god
देवाय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
जागृविthe wakeful/ever-vigilant
जागृवि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Root√जागृ (जागरणे) → जागृवत्/जागृवि (वेदिक रूप)
Entities Mentioned
I
IndraM
MarutsṚ
Ṛta (Cosmic Order)Ritual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes