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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 31

श्रद्धामाहात्म्यं तथा देवीप्रश्नः

The Greatness of Śraddhā and Devī’s Question to Śiva

Devanagari script

पशुपाशपतिज्ञानं ज्ञानमित्यभिधीयते । षडध्वशुद्धिर्विधिना गुर्वधीना क्रियोच्यते । वर्णाश्रमप्रयुक्तस्य मयैव विहितस्य च । ममार्चनादिधर्मस्य चर्या चर्येति कथ्यते

Transliteration

paśupāśapatijñānaṃ jñānamityabhidhīyate | ṣaḍadhvaśuddhirvidhinā gurvadhīnā kriyocyate | varṇāśramaprayuktasya mayaiva vihitasya ca | mamārcanādidharmasya caryā caryeti kathyate

Translation

পশু, পাশ ও পতি—এই ত্রয়ের বোধই ‘জ্ঞান’ নামে অভিহিত। বিধিমতে, গুরুর অধীনে, ষড়ধ্বের শুদ্ধিকরণ ‘ক্রিয়া’ বলা হয়। আর বর্ণ-আশ্রমানুযায়ী, আমারই বিধিত, আমার অর্চনাদি ধর্মের অনুশীলনকে ‘চর্যা’ বলা হয়।

Word by Word
paśu-pāśa-pati-jñānamknowledge of the Lord of beings and bonds (Pati)
paśu-pāśa-pati-jñānam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpaśu (प्रातिपदिक) + pāśa (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक) + jñāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—(पशूनां पाशानां च) पतिः (शिवः) तस्य ज्ञानम् (genitive-tatpuruṣa chain)
jñānamknowledge
jñānam:
Pratipādya (प्रातिपाद्य)
TypeNoun
Rootjñāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/इति-निपात (quotative particle)
abhidhīyateis called / is termed
abhidhīyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-dhā (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada), कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive sense)
ṣaṭ-adhva-śuddhiḥpurification of the six paths (ṣaḍ-adhvan)
ṣaṭ-adhva-śuddhiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootṣaṭ (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + adhvan (प्रातिपदिक) + śuddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—षडध्वनां शुद्धिः (genitive-tatpuruṣa)
vidhināby rule / by prescribed method
vidhinā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvidhi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
guru-adhīnādependent on the guru
guru-adhīnā:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootguru (प्रातिपदिक) + adhīna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—गुरौ अधीना (locative-tatpuruṣa)
kriyāritual action
kriyā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
ucyateis said / is called
ucyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada), कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)
varṇa-āśrama-prayuktasyaof that which is enjoined/engaged by varṇa and āśrama
varṇa-āśrama-prayuktasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootvarṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + āśrama (प्रातिपदिक) + prayukta (कृदन्त; yuj धातु, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter generic), षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; समासः—वर्णाश्रमेन प्रयुक्तः (instrumental-tatpuruṣa)
mayāby me
mayā:
Kartr-karana (कर्तृकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular), सर्वनाम (pronoun)
evaindeed / alone
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण (emphatic particle)
vihitasyaof what is prescribed/ordained
vihitasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-dhā (धातु) + ta (क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masc./Neut.), षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction)
mamamy
mama:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)
arcana-ādi-dharmasyaof the dharma consisting of worship etc.
arcana-ādi-dharmasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootarcana (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—अर्चनादयः धर्माः यस्य/अर्चनादिधर्मः (tatpuruṣa; ādi = 'etc.')
caryāconduct / observance
caryā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootcaryā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
caryā(it is) caryā
caryā:
Pratipādya (प्रातिपाद्य)
TypeNoun
Rootcaryā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/इति-निपात (quotative particle)
kathyateis said / is described
kathyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkath (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada), कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)
Speaker

Lord Shiva

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Sadāśiva

Jyotirlinga Context

Significance: Programmatic Siddhānta definition: jñāna as understanding Pati–Paśu–Pāśa; kriyā as ṣaḍadhva-śuddhi under guru; caryā as Śiva-enjoined worship within varṇāśrama—mapping the liberation curriculum.

Shakti Dimension

Role: liberating

Ritual Elements

Offering: pushpa

Characters & Entities
S
Shiva

FAQs

It defines a Shaiva Siddhanta framework: true knowledge is knowing the soul (paśu), its bondage (pāśa), and Shiva as Lord (Pati), while liberation is supported by Guru-guided discipline (caryā) and purifying rites (kriyā).

By naming “My duties of worship (arcana) and the like,” it grounds spiritual progress in Saguna Shiva worship—Linga-arcana and prescribed observances—performed within dharma and guided toward the realization of Shiva as Pati.

It emphasizes Guru-led kriyā (purificatory ritual discipline) and caryā (daily worship such as Shiva-arcana); practitioners may integrate mantra-japa (e.g., Panchakshara), bhasma/tripuṇḍra, and regulated conduct according to their āśrama.

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