Rig Veda 4.28.2: Mandala 4, Sukta 28, Mantra 2
Sukta 4.28
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional)
Devata: Indra-Soma
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्वा युजा नि खिदत्सूर्यस्येन्द्रश्चक्रं सहसा सद्य इन्दो । अधि ष्णुना बृहता वर्तमानं महो द्रुहो अप विश्वायु धायि ॥
Transliteration
tvā́ yujā́ ní khidat sū́ryasya índraś cakráṃ sáhasā sadyá índo | ádhi ṣṇúnā br̥hatā́ vártamānaṃ mahó drúho ápa viśvā́yu dhāyi ||
Translation
হে ইন্দু! তোমাকে যুগ্ম-সহচর করে ইন্দ্র বলপ্রয়োগে সূর্যের চক্রকে নীচে দমন করলেন। তিনি মহৎ শিখরে গতিমান হয়ে সর্ব-জীবন থেকে মহা-দ্রোহ ও মিথ্যা-বৈরিতাকে দূর করেন।
Word by Word
त्वाyou (as object)
त्वा:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
युजाwith the yoked one / as a yoker, companion
युजा:
करण
TypeNoun (agent/companion sense)
Rootयुज् (धातु) → युज्/युज्- (कृदन्त: युज् + क्तिन्/अच्; RV usage: ‘yujā’ instr.)
निdown, forth (prefix)
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
खिदत्he/it presses, harasses, afflicts
खिदत्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootखिद् (धातु)
सूर्यस्यof the Sun
सूर्यस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
चक्रंwheel, disc
चक्रं:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सहसाwith force, by might
सहसा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootसहस् (प्रातिपदिक)
सद्यःimmediately
सद्यः:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
इन्दोO Indu (Soma)
इन्दो:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootइन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)
अधिupon, over
अधि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
ष्णुनाwith/through ‘ṣṇu’ (Vedic term; instrument/means)
ष्णुना:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootष्णु (प्रातिपदिक; RV form, instr. sg.)
बृहताwith the great, by the lofty
बृहता:
करण
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहन्त् (प्रातिपदिक)
वर्तमानम्moving, turning, rolling
वर्तमानम्:
कर्म
TypeParticiple (present middle)
Rootवृत् (धातु) → वर्तमान (वर्त् + शानच्, कृदन्त)
महोof the great / from the great
महो:
सम्बन्ध/अपादान
TypeAdjective (indeclinable-like Vedic gen./abl. sg. form)
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
द्रुहःof hostility, of deceit
द्रुहः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुह् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘injury, hostile deceit’)
अपaway (prefix)
अप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअप (उपसर्ग/निपात)
विश्वायुःhaving all life / of universal life-force
विश्वायुः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootविश्व + आयु (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
धायिwas set/placed, was established
धायि:
—
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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