Rig Veda 1.3.10: Mandala 1, Sukta 3, Mantra 10

Sukta 1.3

Rishi: Madhucchandāḥ Vaiśvāmitra (traditional attribution for RV 1.1–1.11; hymn cluster including 1.3)

Devata: Sarasvatī (with the Angirasic/ritual context of invoking assisting powers for the yajña)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (3×8 syllables; RV 1.3 is predominantly Gāyatrī in this section)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

पावका नः सरस्वती वाजेभिर्वाजिनीवती । यज्ञं वष्टु धियावसुः ॥

Transliteration

pāvakā naḥ sárasvatī vā́jebhir vājinī́vatī | yajñáṃ vaṣṭu dhiyā́vasuḥ ||

Translation

পাবকা সরস্বতী—আমাদের জন্য—বাজে সমৃদ্ধ, বাজিনীবতী; তিনি যজ্ঞকে গড়ে তুলুন ও পোষণ করুন—তিনি ধিয়াবসু, যার ঐশ্বর্য আলোকময় ধি (প্রেরিত বুদ্ধি)।

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Word by Word

• पावका: purifying, pure
• पावका: Kartā (कर्तृपद-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पावक (प्रातिपदिक; √पू ‘पवित्रे/शोधने’ इत्यस्मात् कृत-नाम)

• नः: for us / our
• नः: Sampradāna (हित-सम्बन्धः: ‘for us’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सरस्वती: Sarasvatī (goddess/river)
• सरस्वती: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)

• वाजेभिः: with prizes/strengths (vajas)
• वाजेभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक)

• वाजिनीवती: possessing vāja; rich in strength/prize
• वाजिनीवती: Kartā (कर्तृपद-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाजिनीवत् (प्रातिपदिक; वाजिनी ‘प्रबल/वाजयुक्ता’ + वत्)

• यज्ञम्: the sacrifice
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• वष्टु: may she favor / desire
• वष्टु: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वश् (वशँ कान्तौ/इच्छायाम्; वैदिके ‘to desire, favor’)

• धियावसुः: whose wealth is insight; rich in inspiration
• धियावसुः: Kartā (कर्तृपद-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धियावसु (प्रातिपदिक; धिया ‘धि/प्रज्ञा’ + वसु ‘धन’)