Shloka 64

The Glory of the Devoted Wife (Pativratā) and the Māṇḍavya Curse: Sunrise Halted and Restored

Devanagari script

निखिलं व्यथितं दृष्ट्वा त्रैलोक्यं सचराचरम् । शतक्रतुं पुरस्कृत्य गता देवाः पितामहम्

Transliteration

nikhilaṃ vyathitaṃ dṛṣṭvā trailokyaṃ sacarācaram | śatakratuṃ puraskṛtya gatā devāḥ pitāmaham

Translation

চরাচরসহ সমগ্র ত্রিলোককে ব্যথিত দেখে দেবগণ শতক্রতু (ইন্দ্র)-কে অগ্রে রেখে পিতামহ (ব্রহ্মা)-র নিকট গেলেন।

Word by Word

• निखिलम्: entire, whole
• निखिलम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निखिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषणं त्रैलोक्यम्

• व्यथितम्: distressed, afflicted
• व्यथितम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्यथ् (धातु) → व्यथित (कृदन्त)
• Form: कृदन्त; क्त-प्रत्यय, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणं त्रैलोक्यम्

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘दृष्ट्वा’ = having seen

• त्रैलोक्यम्: the three worlds
• त्रैलोक्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (त्रयः लोकाः)

• सचराचरम्: with the moving and unmoving (beings)
• सचराचरम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/सह) + चर (प्रातिपदिक) + अचर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (चर + अचर), ‘स-’ = सहित (with)

• शतक्रतुम्: Śatakratu (Indra)
• शतक्रतुम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत (प्रातिपदिक) + क्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (शतं क्रतवो यस्य सः = Indra)

• पुरस्कृत्य: having put in front / having made (him) leader
• पुरस्कृत्य: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पुरस् (अव्यय/उपपद) + कृ (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund); ‘पुरस्कृत्य’ = having placed in front / having taken as leader

• गताः: went
• गताः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) → गत (कृदन्त)
• Form: कृदन्त; क्त-प्रत्यय, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; ‘गता आसन्’ अर्थे

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• पितामहम्: to Pitāmaha (Brahmā)
• पितामहम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ब्रह्माणम् (to the Grandfather/Creator)

Speaker

Narrator (Purāṇic narrator voice; specific speaker not explicit in this verse alone)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: त्रैलोक्यं → त्रैलोक्यम्; ‘सचराचरम्’ = स + चराचरम् (चर + अचर द्वन्द्व); शतक्रतुं → शतक्रतुम्; पितामहम् कर्मपदम् (गता देवाः पितामहम्).

Characters & Entities

• Indra (Śatakratu)
• Brahmā (Pitāmaha)
• Devas

FAQs

Who is Śatakratu in this verse, and why is he placed at the forefront?

Śatakratu is a common epithet of Indra. The gods place him at the forefront as their leader and spokesperson when approaching Brahmā for counsel in a time of cosmic distress.

What does “trai-lokyaṃ sacarācaram” signify here?

It means “the three worlds with all moving and unmoving beings,” indicating that the disturbance affects the entire cosmos—living creatures as well as stationary entities—across all realms.

What ethical or theological lesson is implied by the gods going to Pitāmaha (Brahmā)?

The verse implies that in widespread disorder, even powerful beings seek guidance from a higher cosmic authority; it models humility, consultation, and restoration of dharma through legitimate counsel rather than unilateral action.