Shloka 45

Adhyaya 75 — The Fall and Restoration of Revatī Nakṣatra and the Birth of Raivata Manu

Sanskrit

राजोवाच

सुभद्रां शान्ततनयां कावेरीतनयां विभो ।

सुराष्ट्रजां सुजातां च कदम्बां च वरूथजाम् ॥

Transliteration

rājovāca

subhadrāṃ śāntatanayāṃ kāverītanayāṃ vibho /

surāṣṭrajāṃ sujātāṃ ca kadambāṃ ca varūthajām //

Translation

রাজা বললেন—হে ভগবন, আমি সুভদ্রা, শান্ততনয়া, কাবেরীতনয়া, সুরাষ্ট্রজা, সুজাতা, এবং কদম্বা ও বরূথজাকেও জানি।

Word by Word

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• सुभद्राम्: Subhadrā
• सुभद्राम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुभद्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शान्त-तनयाम्: daughter of Śānta
• शान्त-तनयाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शान्त (प्रातिपदिक) + तनया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (शान्तस्य तनया)

• कावेरी-तनयाम्: daughter of Kāverī
• कावेरी-तनयाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कावेरी (प्रातिपदिक) + तनया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (कावेर्याः तनया)

• विभो: O lord
• विभो: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सुराष्ट्र-जाम्: born in Saurāṣṭra
• सुराष्ट्र-जाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुराष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक) + जा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (सुराष्ट्रस्य जा)

• सु-जाताम्: well-born
• सु-जाताम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत्) + जाता (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) ‘जाता’ from √जन्

• च: and
• च: Avyaya (अव्यय/Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)

• कदम्बाम्: Kadambā
• कदम्बाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कदम्बा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Avyaya (अव्यय/Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)

• वरूथ-जाम्: born of Varūtha
• वरूथ-जाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरूथ (प्रातिपदिक) + जा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (वरूथस्य जा)

Speakers

• King to the sage; narrated by Mārkaṇḍeya

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Polygynous royal household (as narrative setting)
• Names and regional identifiers
• Recognition vs. ignorance

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The king’s catalog of known relationships contrasts with the missing recognition of Revatī, sharpening the theme that memory and attention are selective and can be distorted.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Incidental onomastics within narrative; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Listing many names can signify outward multiplicity (vikṣepa) that obscures the central sustaining principle (represented by the singled-out Revatī).