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Shloka 20

Vyavahāra-Śuddhi and Rājadharma: Clean Administration, Counsel, and Proportional Punishment

Chapter 86

अपराधानुरूपं च दण्डं पापेषु धारयेत्‌ । वियोजयेद्‌ धनैर््रद्धानधनानथ बन्धनै:

aparādhānurūpaṃ ca daṇḍaṃ pāpeṣu dhārayet | viyojayet dhanair āḍhyān adhanān atha bandhanaiḥ ||

অপরাধের অনুপাতে পাপীদের দণ্ড বিধান করা উচিত। অপরাধী ধনী হলে অর্থদণ্ড বা সম্পত্তি বাজেয়াপ্ত করে তাকে ধন থেকে বিচ্ছিন্ন করবে; আর দরিদ্র হলে শৃঙ্খলে বেঁধে হেফাজতে বা কারাগারে রাখবে।

अपराधानुरूपम्proportionate to the offence
अपराधानुरूपम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपराध-अनुरूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दण्डम्punishment
दण्डम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पापेषुin cases of sins/crimes
पापेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
धारयेत्should impose/ordain
धारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootधृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वियोजयेत्should deprive/separate
वियोजयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-युज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धनैःby/with wealth (property)
धनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
श्रद्धान्the faithful (persons)
श्रद्धान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रद्धावत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अधनान्the poor (persons without wealth)
अधनान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अथthen/and further
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
बन्धनैःby bonds/imprisonment
बन्धनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Punishment (daṇḍa) must be proportionate to the offence (aparādha-anurūpa). The ruler should apply suitable penalties: financial deprivation for the wealthy and custodial restraint for the poor, aiming at fair and effective justice.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rāja-dharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on how a king should administer justice, specifying practical modes of punishment depending on the offender’s means.