Mantra 27

Sukta 93

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अषाल्हमुग्रं पृतनासु सासहिं यस्मिन् महीरुरुज्रयः । सं धेनवो जायमाने अनोनवुर्द्यावः क्षामो अनोनवुः

IAST Transliteration

áṣāḷham ugráṁ pṛ́tanāsu sāsahíṁ yásmin mahī́r urujráyaḥ | sáṁ dhénavo jā́yamāne anonavuḥ dyā́vaḥ kṣā́mo anonavuḥ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Invincible, fierce, victorious in battles—he in whom the mighty far-ranging powers abide: at his birth the milch-cows lowed together; Heaven and Earth gave voice, they gave voice.

Translation

অষাল্হ (অপরাজেয়), উগ্র, যুদ্ধে বিজয়ী—তিনি, যাঁর মধ্যে মহতী, দূরবিস্তৃত শক্তিসমূহ অধিষ্ঠিত। তাঁর জন্মে দোহন-ধেনুগণ একসঙ্গে ডেকে উঠল; দ্যাবা ও ক্ষামা (আকাশ ও পৃথিবী) স্বর দিল—তারা স্বর দিল।

Word by Word

• अषाल्हम्: unconquered, invincible
• अषाल्हम्: कर्म (विशेष्य-‘उग्रम्’/देवम् इत्यादि)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अषाल्ह (प्रातिपदिक; a- + √सह् ‘to overcome’ > ‘unconquered’)

• उग्रम्: fierce, mighty
• उग्रम्: कर्म (स्तुत्य-विशेष्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• पृतनासु: in battles
• पृतनासु: अधिकारण
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृतना (प्रातिपदिक)

• सासहिम्: overcoming, victorious
• सासहिम्: कर्म (स्तुत्य-विशेष्य)
• Type: Adjective (participial)
• Root: √सह् (धातु) ; सासहि- (कृदन्त/विशेषण, परस्मैपदी धातोः ‘सह्’ से; ‘one who overcomes’)

• यस्मिन्: in whom
• यस्मिन्: अधिकारण
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• महीः: the great (ones)
• महीः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: मही (प्रातिपदिक)

• उरुज्रयः: wide-striding, far-going
• उरुज्रयः: कर्तृ (महीः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: उरुज्रय (प्रातिपदिक; उरु- ‘wide’ + ज्रय/ज्रि- ‘going/striding’)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• धेनवः: cows
• धेनवः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: धेनु (प्रातिपदिक)

• जायमाने: at (his) being born; as he is born
• जायमाने: अधिकारण (काल/अवस्था)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √जन् (धातु) ; जायमान (वर्तमान-कृदन्त, शानच्)

• अनोनवुः: cried out, bellowed
• अनोनवुः: कर्तृ-क्रिया (धेनवः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √नु/नव् (धातु; ‘to shout/cry out’—वेदिक प्रयोग) ; अनो- (अङ्ग/आवृत्ति) + नोनवुः (लिट्)

• द्यावः: the heavens
• द्यावः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)

• क्षामः: the earths/earth
• क्षामः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षाम (प्रातिपदिक; ‘earth/ground’—वेदिक)

• अनोनवुः: cried out, resounded
• अनोनवुः: कर्तृ-क्रिया (द्यावः क्षामः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √नु/नव् (धातु) ; लिट्

Attribution

Rishi: RV-source seer per AV 20 tradition (confirm in edition).

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (RV-derived; confirm in edition)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"Fierce invincibility → wonder-filled cosmic omens → settled assurance of abundance.","listener_experience":"A surge of courage followed by a sense that prosperity is ‘calling back’ to the household.","intensity":8}