Sutra 11

Devanagari script

एवं वैदेहकव्यञ्जनाः स्वभूमिजानां राजपण्यानां खनिसेतुवनकर्मान्तक्षेत्रजानां प्रमाणमर्घं च विद्युः ॥ कZ_०२.३५.११ ॥

Transliteration

evaṃ vaidehakavyañjanāḥ svabhūmijānāṃ rājapaṇyānāṃ khanisetuvanakarmāntakṣetrajānāṃ pramāṇam arghaṃ ca vidyuḥ

Translation

এভাবে বৈদেহক (বাজার/বাণিজ্য) গুপ্তচররা রাজ্যের ভেতরে উৎপন্ন রাজপণ্য—খনি, সেচকর্ম, বন, রাষ্ট্রকারখানা এবং কৃষিক্ষেত্রজাত—এসবের মানক পরিমাপ ও ন্যায্য মূল্য জানবে।

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus; in this manner
• Type: Particle
• Root: एवम्
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक

• वैदेहक-व्यञ्जनाः: the Vaidehaka ‘vyāñjanas’ (Vaidehaka intermediaries/agents)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यञ्जन
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन; (वैदेहकाः व्यञ्जनाः)

• स्व-भूमिजानाम्: of those produced in one’s own land (local produce)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमिज
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी बहुवचन; स्व-समासपूर्वक

• राज-पण्यानाम्: of royal/state merchandise
• Type: Noun
• Root: पण्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी बहुवचन

• खनि-सेतु-वन-कर्मान्त-क्षेत्र-जानाम्: of (goods) arising from mines, irrigation works, forests, workshops/industrial establishments, and fields
• Type: Adjective (participial/derivative)
• Root: ज
• Form: बहुव्रीह्यर्थे न; विशेषणरूपेण ‘-जानाम्’; षष्ठी बहुवचन; (खनिजानाम्, सेतुजानाम्, वनजानाम्, कर्मान्तजानाम्, क्षेत्रजानाम्)

• प्रमाणम्: the standard/measure (proper measure/verification)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमाण
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; कर्म

• अर्घम्: the price/value
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्घ
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; कर्म

• च: and
• Type: Conjunction
• Root: च
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• विद्युः: should know/ascertain
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद्
• Form: लोट् (आज्ञार्थे/विधिलिङ्गार्थे प्रायः); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुष; बहुवचन; (विद्युः = ‘let them know/they should know’)

Entities Mentioned

• Samāhartṛ (implied supervisory chain)
• Vaidehaka agents
• Royal/state commodities
• Mines
• Irrigation works (setu)
• Forests
• State workshops (karmānta)
• Agricultural lands

More Details

FAQs

Why must agents know both pramāṇa (measure) and argha (price) for state goods?

To prevent leakage through under-measurement/overpricing, enable accurate revenue accounting, and enforce uniform market standards across state supply chains.