Verse 13

Ekakshara

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

त्वं भूर्भुवः स्वस्त्वं हि स्वयंभूरथ विश्वतोमुखः ।

य एवं नित्यं वेदयते गुहाशयं प्रभुं पुराणं सर्वभूतं हिरण्मयम् ।

हिरण्मयं बुद्धिमतां परां गतिं स बुद्धिमान् बुद्धिमतीत्य तिष्ठतीत्युपनिषत् ॥१३॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

त्वम् । भूः । भुवः । स्वः । त्वम् । हि । स्वयंभूः । अथ । विश्वतः-मुखः ।

यः । एवम् । नित्यम् । वेदयते । गुहा-शयम् । प्रभुम् । पुराणम् । सर्व-भूतम् । हिरण्मयम् ।

हिरण्मयम् । बुद्धि-मताम् । पराम् । गतिम् । सः । बुद्धि-मान् । बुद्धि-मती । इति । तिष्ठति । इति । उपनिषत् ।

IAST Transliteration

tvaṃ bhūr bhuvaḥ svaḥ tvaṃ hi svayaṃbhūr atha viśvatomukhaḥ |

ya evaṃ nityaṃ vedayate guhāśayaṃ prabhuṃ purāṇaṃ sarvabhūtaṃ hiraṇmayam |

hiraṇmayaṃ buddhimatāṃ parāṃ gatiṃ sa buddhimān buddhimatītya tiṣṭhatīty upaniṣat ||13||

Translation

তুমি ভূঃ, ভুৱঃ আৰু স্বঃ; নিশ্চয় তুমি স্বয়ম্ভূ আৰু সৰ্বতোমুখ (সকলো দিশাত ব্যাপ্ত)৷ যি কোনো হৃদয়-গুহাত নিবাস কৰা প্ৰভুক—পুৰাতন, সৰ্বভূতৰ আত্মাস্বৰূপ, হিৰণ্ময় দীপ্তিমান—এইদৰে নিত্য জ্ঞাত হয়, সেই প্ৰভুৱেই বুদ্ধিমানসকলৰ পৰম গতি; জ্ঞাতা বুদ্ধিমান হৈ তাক প্ৰাপ্ত কৰি স্থিৰভাৱে অৱস্থিত থাকে—এইদৰে উপনিষদ কয়।

Academic Translation

You are Bhūḥ, Bhuvaḥ, and Svaḥ; indeed you are the Self-existent, and then the All-faced (present in all directions). Whoever thus continually knows (realizes) the Lord who dwells in the cave (of the heart)—the ancient one, the being of all beings, the golden (luminous) one—(that Lord) who is the supreme goal of the intelligent: that knower becomes intelligent and, having attained (that goal), abides—thus (says) the Upaniṣad.

Verse Context

• Brahman/Ātman as the inner ruler (antaryāmin) and mokṣa as abiding in the supreme goal
• Mahavakya: Supports the import of Atharva-veda mahāvākya ‘ayam ātmā brahma’ by identifying the indwelling self (guhāśaya) with the all-pervading, self-existent Brahman; also aligns with ‘tat tvam asi’ through direct address ‘tvaṃ’.
• Atharva
• Chandas: Mixed/irregular (later Upaniṣadic verse; not securely classifiable in a single Vedic meter)