Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 54

Devanagari script

जनिता चोपनेता च यस्तु विद्यां प्रयच्छति । अन्नदाता भयत्राता पञ्चैते पितरः स्मृताः

Transliteration

janitā copanetā ca yastu vidyāṃ prayacchati | annadātā bhayatrātā pañcaite pitaraḥ smṛtāḥ

Translation

যিজনে জন্ম দিয়ে, যিজনে উপনয়ন কৰায়, যিজনে বিদ্যা দান কৰে, যিজনে অন্ন দান কৰে, আৰু যিজনে ভয়ৰ পৰা ৰক্ষা কৰে—এই পাঁচজনক ‘পিতা’ বুলি স্মৰণ কৰা হয়।

Word by Word

• जनिता: begetter, father
• जनिता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• उपनेता: initiator (who performs upanayana)
• उपनेता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपनेतृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (contrast/emphasis particle)

• विद्याम्: knowledge
• विद्याम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रयच्छति: gives, bestows
• प्रयच्छति: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √यम् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: प्र-

• अन्नदाता: giver of food
• अन्नदाता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न + दातृ (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (अन्नस्य दाता)

• भयत्राता: protector from fear
• भयत्राता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय + त्रातृ (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (भयस्य त्राता)

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्चन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्याशब्दः; बहुवचनार्थे विशेषण

• एते: these
• एते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• पितरः: fathers
• पितरः: Pratijna/Predicate-noun (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• स्मृताः: are remembered/considered
• स्मृताः: Kriya (Passive predicate/कर्मणि-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृत (कृदन्त; √स्मृ धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) कर्मणि; लट्-समकक्षे विधेय (are considered)

Speaker

Narrator/teacher voice within the Revā Khaṇḍa discourse (contextual; not explicitly named in the verse)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A didactic tableau showing five archetypal figures around a student: father (begetter), upanayana-ācārya with yajñopavīta, teacher with manuscript, food-giver offering anna, protector holding a staff/shield—each radiating paternal dignity.

Characters & Entities

• Upanayana
• Vidyā
• Pitar (fathers)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Gratitude is dharma: one should honor not only the biological father but also those who initiate, educate, feed, and protect.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No site is named in this verse; it supports the moral framework within the Revā Khaṇḍa tīrtha narrative.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Upanayana is referenced as a key saṃskāra; additionally, annadāna (giving food) is highlighted as a father-like merit-bearing act.