Rig Veda 8.3.12: Mandala 8, Sukta 3, Mantra 12

Sukta 8.3

Rishi: Kāṇva tradition (probable)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

शग्धी नो अस्य यद्ध पौरमाविथ धिय इन्द्र सिषासतः । शग्धि यथा रुशमं श्यावकं कृपमिन्द्र प्रावः स्वर्णरम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.3.12

Transliteration

śagdhī no asyá yád dha paurám ā́vitha dhíya indra sisāsatáḥ | śagdhí yáthā rúśamaṃ śyā́vakaṃ kṛ́pam índra prá ā́vaḥ svàrṇaram ||

Translation

এই বিষয়ে আমাৰ বাবে সক্ষম হওঁক; কিয়নো, হে ইন্দ্ৰ, তুমি পুৰাতন-পৌৰ (পৌর) ধীসমূহক সহায় কৰিছিলা, যেতিয়া সিহঁতে জয়ৰ বাবে প্ৰচেষ্টা কৰিছিল। যেনেকৈ তুমি একেদৰে ৰুশম, শ্যাৱক, আৰু কৃপক বলপূৰ্বক ৰক্ষা কৰিছিলা—হে ইন্দ্ৰ, স্বৰ্ণৰ (স্বৰ্) দিশে নৰা (নেতা), তেনেকৈ এতিয়াও সক্ষম হওঁক।

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Word by Word

• शग्धी: be able; help; grant (us)
• शग्धी: (predicate) — request to the deity
• Type: Verb
• Root: शक् (śak) / Vedic: śagdhī < *śak-dhī

• नः: to us / for us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (asmad)

• अस्य: of this
• अस्य: Sambandha (genitival relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (idam)

• यत्: what; that which
• यत्: Karma (of ‘avitha’ / ‘prāvaḥ’ in relative clause)
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद् (yad)

• ह: indeed; surely
• ह: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (particle)

• पौरम्: the fort-like (aid); the ‘citadel’ (help)
• पौरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: पौर (paura) < पुर (pura) ‘city/fort’

• आविथ: you have helped; you have protected
• आविथ: (predicate) — action of Indra
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव् (av) ‘to help, protect’

• धियः: prayers; thoughts
• धियः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धी (dhī) ‘thought, prayer, insight’

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambोधन
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (indra)

• सिषासत॒ः: of (one) wishing to impel/urge (you); eager (to win)
• सिषासत॒ः: Sambandha
• Type: Verb (participial)
• Root: शास् (śās) ‘to instruct/impel’ → desiderative stem सिषास- (siṣāsa-)

• शग्धि: help; be able (to aid)
• शग्धि: (predicate) — renewed request
• Type: Verb
• Root: शक् (śak) / Vedic: śagdhí

• यथा: as; just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (yathā)

• रुशम्: Ruśa (the bright one)
• रुशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective (as name)
• Root: रुश (ruśa) ‘bright, shining; (name/epithet)’

• श्यावकम्: Śyāvaka
• श्यावकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective (as name)
• Root: श्यावक (śyāvaka) ‘dark/greyish; (name/epithet)’

• कृपम्: Kṛpa
• कृपम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective (as name)
• Root: कृप (kṛpa) ‘poor, pitiable; (name/epithet)’

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambोधन
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (indra)

• प्रावः: you did protect; you did help forward
• प्रावः: (predicate) — action of Indra
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव् (av) with preverb प्र- (pra-ava) ‘to further/protect, aid’

• स्वर्णरम्: Svarṇara
• स्वर्णरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective (as name)
• Root: स्वर्णर (svarṇara) ‘bringing light/wealth; shining man’ (epithet/name)