Rig Veda 5.68.2 — Mandala 5, Sukta 68, Mantra 2

Sukta 5.68

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)

Devata: Mitra-Varuṇa

Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सम्राजा या घृतयोनी मित्रश्चोभा वरुणश्च । देवा देवेषु प्रशस्ता ॥

Transliteration

samrājā yā́ ghṛtá-yonī mitráś cobhā́ váruṇaś ca | devā́ devéṣu praśastā́ ||

Translation

এই দুয়ো সম্ৰাট—যাৰ যোনি ঘৃত (ঘৃত-জ্যোতি); মিত্ৰ আৰু বৰুণ একেলগে—দেৱসকলৰ মাজত প্ৰশংসিত দেৱ, দীপ্তিমান অধিপত্যৰ শক্তি।

Word by Word

• सम्राजा: the two sovereign kings
• सम्राजा: Kartā (with the following relative clause) / विशेष्य (of Mitra-Varuṇa)
• Type: Noun (title/epithet)
• Root: सम्-राजन् (प्रातिपदिक: सम्राज्/सम्राजन्)

• या: who (the two)
• या: Kartā (relative clause subject referring to Mitra-Varuṇa)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun)

• घृतयोनी: whose source is ghee / ghee-born
• घृतयोनी: Viśeṣaṇa (qualifier of the two)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: घृत-योनि (प्रातिपदिक; तत्पुरुष/बहुव्रीहि: ‘having ghee as womb/source’)

• मित्रः: Mitra
• मित्रः: Kartā (one member of the dual subject) / समुच्चित-कर्ता
• Type: Noun (deity)
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable (conjunction)
• Root: च

• उभा: both
• उभा: Viśeṣaṇa (emphatic ‘both’ for Mitra & Varuṇa) / samuccaya-emphasis
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: उभ (pronominal stem ‘both’)

• वरुणः: Varuṇa
• वरुणः: Kartā (second member of the coordinated subject) / समुच्चित-कर्ता
• Type: Noun (deity)
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya
• Type: Indeclinable (conjunction)
• Root: च

• देवा: the two gods
• देवा: Apposition (to ‘सम्राजा/या’: ‘the two gods’) / Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवेषु: among the gods
• देवेषु: Adhikaraṇa (locus: ‘among the gods’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रशस्ता: praised, renowned
• प्रशस्ता: Viśeṣaṇa / predicate adjective of the dual subject
• Type: Adjective (past passive participle used adjectivally)
• Root: प्र-शंस् (धातु) → प्रशस्त (PPP) / प्रशस्ता (Vedic nom. du.)