Rig Veda 2.41.8: Mandala 2, Sukta 41, Mantra 8

Sukta 2.41

Rishi: Gṛtsamada

Devata: Primarily Aśvins (vṛṣaṇvasū as dual epithet fits them); could also broadly fit divine helpers invoked in the sequence

Chandas: Trishtubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

न यत्परो नान्तर आदधर्षद्वृषण्वसू । दुःशंसो मर्त्यो रिपुः ॥

Transliteration

ná yát paráḥ nā́ntara ādadharṣad vṛṣaṇvasū́ | duḥśáṃso mártyo ripúḥ ||

Translation

হে বৃষণ্বসু, তোমালোকক না বাহিৰৰ কেহে, না ভিতৰৰ কেহে দমাই ৰাখিব পাৰে; দুৰ্ভাষী মৰ্ত্য শত্রু—ৰিপু—জয়ী হ’ব নোৱাৰে।

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Word by Word

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• यत्: that/which
• यत्: —
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• परो: beyond, further
• परो: Adhikaraṇa (सीमासूचकः: ‘beyond/outside’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: nor/not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• अन्तरः: within, inside, in-between
• अन्तरः: Adhikaraṇa (सीमासूचकः: ‘within/between’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards, up to (prefix)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग)

• दधर्षत्: dared, ventured, assailed
• दधर्षत्: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धृष् (धातु) + आ (उपसर्ग)

• वृषण्वसू: O you two, strong and wealthy (epithet)
• वृषण्वसू: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: वृषण्वसु (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहिः/विशेषण-समासः: वृषण् ‘बलवान्/वृषभ’ + वसु ‘धन/वसु’)

• दुःशंसः: ill-speaking, of evil report
• दुःशंसः: Kartā (रिपोः विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुःशंस (प्रातिपदिक; दुḥ- + शंस ‘प्रशंसा/कीर्ति’)

• मर्त्यः: mortal (man)
• मर्त्यः: Kartā (रिपुः इत्यस्य विशेष्यः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• रिपुः: enemy
• रिपुः: Kartā (दधर्षत् इत्यस्य कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रिपु (प्रातिपदिक)