Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 69, Shloka 47

त्रिशिरा-प्रबोधनम् तथा नरान्तक-वधः

Trisira’s Counsel and the Slaying of Naranthaka

Devanagari script

द्रुमांश्चविपुलस्कन्थान् गृह्यवानरपुङ्गवाः ।तद्युद्धमभवद्घोरंरक्षोवानरसङ्कुलम् ।।।।

Transliteration

drumāṃś ca vipula-skandhān gṛhya vānara-puṅgavāḥ |

tad yuddham abhavad ghoraṃ rakṣo-vānara-saṅkulam ||

Translation

বিশাল কাণ্ডযুক্ত দ্ৰুম ধৰি বানৰশ্ৰেষ্ঠসকলে যুদ্ধ কৰিলে; তেতিয়া সেই যুদ্ধ অতি ঘোৰ হ’ল—ৰাক্ষস আৰু বানৰেৰে ঘনভাৱে পৰিপূৰ্ণ।

Word by Word

• द्रुमान्: trees
• द्रुमान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रुम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• विपुल-स्कन्धान्: with huge trunks
• विपुल-स्कन्धान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपुल (प्रातिपदिक) + स्कन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (descriptive: 'broad-trunked'), पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण to द्रुमान्

• गृह्य: having seized
• गृह्य: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), 'having seized'

• वानर-पुङ्गवाः: monkey leaders
• वानर-पुङ्गवाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक) + पुङ्गव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ('bulls/leaders among monkeys'), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम-विशेषण (demonstrative), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; here with युद्धम् (nominative)

• युद्धम्: battle
• युद्धम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• अभवत्: became/occurred
• अभवत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• घोरम्: terrible
• घोरम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण to युद्धम्, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• रक्षः-वानर-सङ्कुलम्: crowded with Rakshasas and monkeys
• रक्षः-वानर-सङ्कुलम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक) + वानर (प्रातिपदिक) + सङ्कुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (determinative: 'crowded with Rakshasas and monkeys'), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण to युद्धम्

Context

Vanara leaders seizing huge branches of trees fought a frightening war with Rakshasas.

Characters & Entities

• Vanaras
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as organized collective effort under leadership: the Vanara chiefs take initiative, turning strength into service for a righteous objective.

What is the narrative situation?

Vanara commanders arm themselves with large trees and plunge into close combat, making the battlefield densely packed and terrifying.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Netr̥tva (leadership) and saṅghāṭa (cohesion): leaders act decisively, drawing the host into coordinated action.