Valmiki Ramayana 5.44.5 — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 44, Shloka 5

जम्बुमालिवधः

The Slaying of Jambumali

Devanagari script

रथेन खरयुक्तेन तमागतमुदीक्ष्य सः।हनुमान्वेगसम्पन्नो जहर्ष च ननाद च।।।।

Transliteration

rathena khara-yuktena tam āgatam udīkṣya saḥ | hanumān vega-sampanno jaharṣa ca nanāda ca ||

Translation

খৰ-যুক্ত ৰথেৰে তাক আহি থকা দেখি, বেগসম্পন্ন হনুমান আনন্দিত হৈ উঠিল আৰু উচ্চস্বৰে গর্জন কৰিলে।

Word by Word

• rathena: by/with a chariot
• rathena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratha (रथ प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular

• khara-yuktena: yoked with donkeys
• khara-yuktena: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: khara (खर) + yukta (युज् धातु, क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular; qualifying rathena; 'yoked with donkeys'

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular

• āgatam: arrived/coming
• āgatam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ā+gam (गम् धातु, क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; qualifying tam

• udīkṣya: having seen
• udīkṣya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ud+īkṣ (ईक्ष् धातु)
• Form: Gerund/absolutive (क्त्वान्त) = 'having looked at/seen'

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular

• hanumān: Hanuman
• hanumān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (हनुमत् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; in apposition to saḥ

• vega-sampannaḥ: endowed with speed
• vega-sampannaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vega (वेग) + sampanna (सम्+पद् धातु, क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; qualifying hanumān; 'endowed with speed'

• jaharṣa: rejoiced
• jaharṣa: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: hṛṣ (हृष् धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Third person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Parasmaipada

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• nanāda: roared
• nanāda: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nad (नद् धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Third person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Parasmaipada

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

Context

Seeing him coming in a chariot drawn by donkeys, Hanuman who was swift to act was glad (to have an opportunity to fight) and made a loud noise.

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman
• Jambumali
• chariot

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is steadfast courage in a righteous mission: Hanuman does not shrink from danger but meets it with clarity and resolve, using strength in service of Rama’s cause.

What is the narrative situation?

During the battle in Lanka, Jambumali approaches to fight; Hanuman sees the approach and responds with confidence and a roar that signals readiness.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vīrya and utsāha—valor and energetic initiative—shown by Hanuman’s glad readiness to face an adversary.