Valmiki Ramayana 2.63.55: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 63, Shloka 55

दशरथस्य शोकानुचिन्तनं शब्धवेधि-दोषस्मरणं च

Daśaratha’s grief, karmic reflection, and the remembered ‘śabdavedhī’ misdeed

Devanagari script

प्रतिबुद्धो मुहूर्तेन शोकोपहतचेतनः।अथ राजा दशरथस्सचिन्तामभ्यपद्यत।।2.63.1।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.63.55

Transliteration

jalārdragātraṃ tu vilapya kṛcchrān marmavraṇaṃ santatam ucchvasantam | tataḥ sarayvāṃ tam ahaṃ śayānaṃ samīkṣya bhadre ’smi bhṛśaṃ viṣaṇṇaḥ ||

Translation

হে ভদ্ৰে, সৰয়ূৰ তীৰত শুই থকা তাক মই দেখিলোঁ—দেহ জলেৰে সিক্ত, কষ্টত বিলাপ কৰি থকা, মর্মব্ৰণৰ বাবে নিৰন্তৰ উচ্ছ্বাস-নিশ্বাস চলি থকা; তাক দেখি মই গভীৰভাৱে বিষণ্ণ হ’লোঁ।

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Word by Word

• प्रतिबुद्धः: awakened
• प्रतिबुद्धः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati√budh (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (Kridanta), भूतकर्मणि/भूतकाले क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle, kta), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; √budh ‘to awaken’ with उपसर्ग प्रति

• मुहूर्तेन: in a moment
• मुहूर्तेन: Kāla/Adhikaraṇa (काल/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muhūrta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; ‘in/within a moment’ (instrumental of time)

• शोक-उपहत-चेतनः: whose mind was struck by grief
• शोक-उपहत-चेतनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक) + upahata (कृदन्त) + cetana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative): शोक-उपहत = ‘smitten by grief’; शोक-उपहत-चेतन = ‘one whose consciousness is smitten by grief’; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective) to ‘rājā/daśarathaḥ’

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (particle indicating sequence: ‘then/thereupon’)

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• दशरथः: Daśaratha
• दशरथः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśaratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेष्य (apposition) to ‘rājā’

• स-चिन्ताम्: worry (with anxiety)
• स-चिन्ताम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sa (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + cintā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास: स-चिन्ता = ‘with worry’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मपद (object) of ‘abhyapadyata’

• अभ्यपद्यत: attained; fell into
• अभ्यपद्यत: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi√pad (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; √pad ‘to go/attain’ with उपसर्ग अभि; अर्थ: ‘attained/entered upon’

Context

O gentle Kausalya! having seen him crying due to the pain caused by the wound in the vital part, sighing ceaselessly, drenched in water and lying on the bank of river Sarayu, I was greatly shaken.ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē ayōdhyākāṇḍē triṣaṣṭitama ssargaḥ৷৷Thus ends the sixtythird sarga in Ayodhyakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

Characters & Entities

• Kauśalyā
• Sarayū

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes moral sensitivity: recognizing suffering and feeling remorse is part of ethical awakening, not merely legal innocence.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha describes the dying youth on the bank of the Sarayū and his own overwhelming grief upon seeing him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hṛdaya-saṃvedanā (deep empathy): the king is shaken by the visible consequences of his act.