Shloka 4

Adhyaya 9 — Vasiṣṭha and Viśvāmitra’s Mutual Curse: The Āḍi–Baka Battle and Brahmā’s Pacification

Sanskrit

स श्रुत्वा सुमहाभागः प्रीतिमानवनīपतौ ।

चकार कोपं तेजस्वी विश्वामित्रऋषिं प्रति ॥

Transliteration

sa śrutvā sumahābhāgaḥ prītimān avanīpatau / cakāra kopaṃ tejasvī viśvāmitram ṛṣiṃ prati

Translation

এই কথা শুনি, ৰজাৰ প্ৰতি স্নেহশীল সেই পৰম ভাগ্যবান আৰু দীপ্তিমান পুৰুষ ঋষি বিশ্বামিত্ৰৰ ওপৰত ক্ৰুদ্ধ হ’ল।

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having heard’

• सु-महाभागः: very fortunate/noble
• सु-महाभागः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + महाभाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective)

• प्रीतिमान्: affectionate/pleased
• प्रीतिमान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रीतिमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त (possessive)

• अवनीपतौ: towards/with regard to the king (lord of earth)
• अवनीपतौ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवनीपति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; अवनी+पति (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• चकार: made/did
• चकार: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• कोपम्: anger
• कोपम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• तेजस्वी: radiant/powerful
• तेजस्वी: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तेजस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• विश्वामित्र-ऋषिम्: the sage Viśvāmitra
• विश्वामित्र-ऋषिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्वामित्र (प्रातिपदिक) + ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—‘विश्वामित्रः स ऋषिः’

• प्रति: towards/against
• प्रति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/दिशा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्ग/अव्यय; ‘towards/against’ (governs accusative)

Speakers

• Narrative voice within the Dharmapakṣī (wise birds) discourse (frame-story context)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Anger and restraint
• Power of tapas and speech
• Consequences of conflict

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even the ‘tejasvī’ (spiritually potent) can be shaken by attachment—here, affection for the king triggers anger. The verse warns that partiality (prīti) can become a doorway for krodha, and that ethical clarity requires equanimity beyond personal bonds.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Ānucarita (accounts of dynasties/episodes and exemplary lives) rather than Sarga/Pratisarga. It functions as an instructive itihāsa-like episode embedded in the Purāṇic frame.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Tejas’ ungoverned by śānti becomes destructive; anger is depicted as a misdirection of tapas. The episode foreshadows how speech (vāk) and intention can ‘reconfigure’ embodiment—culminating in tiryaktva (animal/bird birth).