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Shloka 9

Adhyaya 12 — Auttami and Tamasa

Sanskrit

एवं तस्मान्नरैर्मोक्षो ह्यतिक्रान्तैरवाप्यते ।

वर्षायुतायुतैः पापं यैः कृतं दुष्टबुद्धिभिः ॥

Transliteration

evaṃ tasmān narair mokṣo hy atikrāntair avāpyate /

varṣāyutāyutaiḥ pāpaṃ yaiḥ kṛtaṃ duṣṭa-buddhibhiḥ

Translation

সেই যন্ত্ৰণা অতিক্ৰম কৰাৰ পাছতেহে তেওঁলোকে মুক্তি লাভ কৰে; দুষ্টবুদ্ধিৰে পাপ কৰা লোকসকলে কোটি কোটি বছৰ দুখ ভোগ কৰে।

Word by Word
एवंthus
एवं:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevaṃ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Avyaya), प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of manner)
तस्मात्from that (cause/condition)
तस्मात्:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative/पञ्चमी), एकवचन (Singular)
नरैःby men
नरैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/तृतीया), बहुवचन (Plural)
मोक्षःliberation
मोक्षः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmokṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Avyaya), निपात (particle), अवधान/हेतु-बोधक (emphatic/causal)
अतिक्रान्तैःby those who have transgressed
अतिक्रान्तैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootati-√kram (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/तृतीया), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् ‘नरैः’
अवाप्यतेis obtained
अवाप्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootava-√āp (धातु)
Formलट् लकार (Present/लट्), कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
वर्षायुतायुतैःby tens of millions of years (lit. by year-ten-thousand-ten-thousand)
वर्षायुतायुतैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṣa + ayuta + ayuta (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (समाहार/परिमाणवाचक), तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/तृतीया), बहुवचन; परिमाणवाचक-तत्पुरुषः (varṣa-āyuta-āyuta = ‘ten-thousand tens-of-thousands of years’)
पापम्sin
पापम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/द्वितीया), एकवचन (Singular)
यैःby whom
यैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/तृतीया), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)
कृतम्done/committed
कृतम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Root√kṛ (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् ‘पापम्’
दुष्टबुद्धिभिःby the wicked-minded
दुष्टबुद्धिभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootduṣṭa + buddhi (प्रातिपदिक-समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/तृतीया), बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (duṣṭā buddhir yeṣām = ‘those whose intellect is wicked’)
Speakers
Unspecified in provided excerpt
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes
DharmaKarma-phalaTemporal scaleAfterlife

FAQs

The text stresses proportionality and inevitability of karmic fruition: deep-rooted wrongdoing yields prolonged consequence, urging timely repentance and righteous conduct.

Touches cosmological time-sense but functions chiefly as dharma-śikṣā (ethical instruction) through afterlife narrative rather than manvantara genealogy.

Immense durations symbolize how entrenched tendencies (saṃskāras) take long to exhaust; ‘release’ here is exhaustion of a karmic charge, not necessarily mokṣa in the Vedāntic sense.

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