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Shloka 12

द्रोण–सात्यकि द्वैरथम्

Droṇa and Sātyaki: The Chariot Duel

ततो दौ:शासनि: क्षिप्रं तथा तैर्विरथीकृतम्‌ । संशयं परमं प्राप्य दिष्टान्तेनाभ्ययोजयत्‌,तत्पश्चात्‌ दुःशासनपुत्रने अभिमन्युके प्रहारसे भारी प्राणसंकटमें पड़कर पूर्वोक्त महारथियोंद्वारा रथहीन किये हुए अभिमन्युको शीघ्र ही (गदाके आघातसे) मार डाला

tato dauḥśāsaniḥ kṣipraṃ tathā tair virathīkṛtam | saṃśayaṃ paramaṃ prāpya diṣṭāntenābhyayojayat |

তাৰ পিছত দুঃশাসনৰ পুত্ৰে, তেওঁলোকৰ দ্বাৰা ৰথহীন কৰা অভিমন্যুক দেখি, গভীৰ সংশয়ত পৰিলেও—যেন বিধিৰ তাড়নাত—দ্ৰুত আক্ৰমণ কৰি গদাৰ আঘাতে ৰথহীন অভিমন্যুক বধ কৰিলে।

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय
दौःशासनिḥDuhshasana’s (son/descendant), the son of Duhshasana
दौःशासनिḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदौःशासनि (दुःशासन-सम्बन्धी)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
क्षिप्रम्quickly
क्षिप्रम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्षिप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण)
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय
तैःby them
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
विरथीकृतम्made chariotless, deprived of his chariot
विरथीकृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविरथीकृ (धातु: कृ + उपसर्ग/उपपद विरथी)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (कर्मणि भूतकृदन्त, -क्त)
संशयम्doubt, uncertainty
संशयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
परमम्great, extreme
परमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
प्राप्यhaving reached/attained
प्राप्य:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप् (धातु: आप्)
Formअव्यय (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया
दिष्टान्तेनby fate, by destiny
दिष्टान्तेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदिष्टान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
अभ्ययोजयत्he engaged/attacked/assailed
अभ्ययोजयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + युज् (धातु: युज्)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

युधिछिर उवाच

D
Duḥśāsana
D
Duḥśāsana’s son (Dauḥśāsaniḥ)
A
Abhimanyu
M
mace (gadā)
C
chariot (ratha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, ethical restraints (dharma-yuddha norms such as fair combat) can collapse under fear and opportunism; it also frames the event as propelled by diṣṭa (fate), inviting reflection on responsibility even amid destiny.

Abhimanyu has already been made chariotless by multiple opponents; Duḥśāsana’s son then closes in and kills him with a mace while he is vulnerable, marking the climactic injustice of Abhimanyu’s last stand in the cakravyūha episode.