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Mantra 4

Sukta 87

यद् योधया महतो मन्यमानान् साक्षाम तान् बाहुभिः शाशदानान्। यद् वा नृभिर्वृत इन्द्राभियुध्यास्तं त्वयाजिं सौश्रवसं जयेम

yád yodháyā maható manyámānān sā́kṣāmá tā́n bāhúbhiḥ śā́śadānān | yád vā nṛ́bhir vṛ́ta indrābhiyúdhyās táṃ tvayā́jím sáuśravásaṃ jayema

When thou didst battle, face to face, the mighty who deemed themselves great, smiting them down with thine arms; or when, O Indra, girt about with heroes, thou didst join in onset—by thee may we win that contest, rich in good report.

যেতিয়া তুমি মুখামুখি যুঁজিছিলা—নিজকে মহান বুলি মানি লোৱা সেই মহাবলীয়াসকলক—নিজ বাহুৰে সিহঁতক দমন কৰি পেলাইছিলা; অথবা, হে ইন্দ্ৰ, বীৰসকলৰে বেষ্টিত হৈ তুমি আক্রমণত যোগ দিছিলা—তোমাৰ সহায়তে আমি সেই যুঁজ-প্ৰতিযোগিতা জয় কৰোঁ, যি সুশ্ৰৱস (সু-খ্যাতি) দান কৰে।

यत्when/that which
यत्:
Adhikaraṇa (हेतुवाचक/सम्बन्धसूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
योधयाःyou fight / you make (them) fight
योधयाः:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootयुध् (धातु) → योधय (णिच् caus.)
महतःof the great (one)
महतः:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
मन्यमानान्(those) thinking/considering (themselves)
मन्यमानान्:
Karma (योधयाः—whom you fight)
TypeParticiple (Adjective/Noun)
Root√मन् (मन्यते) → मन्यमान (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
साक्षाम्directly, face to face
साक्षाम्:
Adhikaraṇa (रीतिवाचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाक्षात् (अव्यय) → साक्षाम् (वैदिक रूप)
तान्those (them)
तान्:
Karma (मन्यमानान् इत्यस्य पुनरुक्त-निर्देशः)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
बाहुभिःwith (your) arms
बाहुभिः:
Karaṇa (instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
शाशदानान्smiting/overpowering (ones)
शाशदानान्:
Karma (तान्—those who are smiting/overpowering)
TypeParticiple (Adjective/Noun)
Root√शद्/शद् (वैदिक: ‘to overpower/drive away/strike’) → शाशदान (वर्तमान कृदन्त, तीव्र/पुनरुक्त-आभास)
यत्or when/that which
यत्:
Adhikaraṇa (हेतुवाचक/सम्बन्धसूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (निपात)
नृभिःwith men, with warriors
नृभिः:
Karaṇa / Sahakārī (with men, as associates/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक)
वृतःchosen / attended / surrounded
वृतः:
Kartā (इन्द्रः—being ‘chosen/attended’)
TypeParticiple
Root√वृ (वृणोति/वृणुते ‘to choose, surround’) → वृत (भूतकृदन्त)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (Vocative)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अभियुध्याःyou fight against / you engage in battle
अभियुध्याः:
Kriyā (उपवाक्य-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootयुध् (धातु) + अभि (उपसर्ग) → अभियुध्य (verb stem)
तम्that (him/that)
तम्:
Karma (जयेम—whom/that [battle] we win)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
त्वयाby you, with you
त्वया:
Karaṇa / Sahakārī (by/with you)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अजिम्the battle/contest
अजिम्:
Karma (जयेम—what we win)
TypeNoun
Rootअजि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘race, contest, battle’)
सौश्रवसम्renowned, glorious
सौश्रवसम्:
Karma (विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसौश्रवस (प्रातिपदिक; ‘glorious, famed for good hearing/renown’)
जयेमmay we win
जयेम:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√जि (जयति)

Rishi: Traditionally Indra-related seers (RV provenance; AV20 is largely Rigvedic re-collection)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (Rigvedic-style)

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":null,"emotional_arc":"From recalling intimidation → decisive confrontation → collective onset → confident petition for victory and fame.","listener_experience":"Adrenal clarity, bravery, readiness with ethical pride.","intensity":8}