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Mantra 3

Sukta 53

पूर्णः कुम्भोऽधि काल आहितस्तं वै पश्यामो बहुधा नु सन्तः। स इमा विश्वा भुवनानि प्रत्यङ्कालं तमाहुः परमे व्योमन्

pū́rṇaḥ kúmbho ’dhí kālá ā́hitaḥ | táṃ vái paśyā́mo bahudhā́ nú sántaḥ || sá imā́ víśvā bhúvanāni pratyáṅ kāláṃ tám ā́huḥ paramé vyòman ||

A full jar is set above—Time is laid thereon: him verily we behold, existing now in many a fashion. He, turning all these worlds back toward himself,—him in the highest heaven they call ‘Time.’

এটা পূৰ্ণ কুম্ভ ওপৰত স্থাপন কৰা হৈছে—তাৰ ওপৰত কাল স্থাপিত। তাকেই আমি বহু ৰূপে বৰ্তমান থকা দেখি। সি এই সকলো ভুবনক নিজৰ ফালে উলটাই আনে; পৰম ব্যোমত তাকেই ‘কাল’ বুলি কোৱা হয়।

पूर्णःfull, filled
पूर्णः:
Kartā (विशेष्य ‘कुम्भः’ का विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक; √पॄ ‘पूरणे’ से निष्पन्न)
कुम्भःjar, pot
कुम्भः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootकुम्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
अधिupon, over
अधि:
Adhikaraṇa (स्थानीय/अधिष्ठान-भाव)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
कालःTime
कालः:
Kartā (आहितः इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
आहितःplaced, set, established
आहितः:
Kartā-समनाधिकरण (कालः—‘स्थापितः/निहितः’)
TypeParticiple (past passive)
Rootआ-√धा (धातु) → आहित (कृदन्त, क्त)
तम्him/that (Time)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (निपात)
पश्यामःwe see / may we see
पश्यामः:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√पश् (दर्शने)
बहुधाin many ways, variously
बहुधा:
— (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहुधा (अव्यय; ‘बहु’ से)
नुnow, indeed (emphatic particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (निपात)
सन्तःbeing, existing (we who are)
सन्तः:
Kartā (पश्यामः इत्यस्य)
TypeParticiple (present active)
Root√अस् (भू-सत्तायाम्) → सन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
सःhe/that (Time)
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इमाःthese
इमाः:
Karma (भुवनानि इत्यस्य विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वाःall
विश्वाः:
Karma (भुवनानि इत्यस्य विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
भुवनानिworlds, beings, realms
भुवनानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन (प्रातिपदिक; √भू से)
प्रत्यङ्towards (him), facing back/within
प्रत्यङ्:
— (क्रियाविशेषण: ‘प्रत्यक्/अभिमुखम्’)
TypeAdjective/Directional
Rootप्रति-अञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अञ्च्’ = मुच्/गमन/अञ्चने) → प्रत्यङ्
कालम्Time
कालम्:
Karma (आहुः इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
तम्him/that
तम्:
Karma (कालम् इत्यस्य पुनरुक्ति/अन्वयः)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आहुःthey call / they say
आहुः:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अह्/√ब्रू (वक्तव्ये; वैदिके ‘आहुः’ = ‘कथयन्ति’)
परमेin the highest
परमे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
व्योमन्in the sky/heaven, in the highest space
व्योमन्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootव्योमन् (प्रातिपदिक)

Rishi: Traditionally associated with Atharvanic seers (Kāla-sūkta tradition; specific r̥ṣi attribution varies by anukramaṇī lists).

Devata: Kāla (Time), personified as supreme principle

Chandas: Mixed/late Atharvanic style; predominantly anuṣṭubh-like cadence with expansions

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"Awe at Time’s many forms → calm acceptance of its supremacy.","listener_experience":"Vastness, perspective, reduced reactivity; a sense of being ‘held’ by cosmic order.","intensity":6}