Mantra 10

Sukta 53

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

कालः प्रजा असृजत कालो अग्रे प्रजापतिम्। स्वयंभूः कश्यपः कालात् तपः कालादजायत

IAST Transliteration

kāláḥ prajā́ asṛjat kāló ágre prajā́patim | svayambhū́ḥ káśyapaḥ kālā́t tápaḥ kālā́d ajāyata ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Time sent forth the creatures; Time, in the beginning, brought Prajāpati to birth. Self-existent Kaśyapa—from Time was born; from Time was born austere Heat (tapas).

Translation

কালেই প্ৰজাসকলক সৃষ্টি কৰিলে; আদিতেই কালেই প্ৰজাপতিক জন্ম দিলে। স্বয়ম্ভূ কশ্যপ কালৰ পৰা জন্মিল; কালৰ পৰাই তপঃ—তপস্যাৰ তেজ—উৎপন্ন হ’ল।

Word by Word

• कालः: Time (as a deity)
• कालः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रजाः: creatures; offspring
• प्रजाः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)

• असृजत्: created; sent forth
• असृजत्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृज् (धातु)

• कालः: Time
• कालः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्रे: in the beginning; first
• अग्रे: अधिकरण
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial form)
• Root: अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रजापतिम्: Prajāpati (Lord of creatures)
• प्रजापतिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजापति (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्वयम्भूः: self-existent (one)
• स्वयम्भूः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: स्वयम्भू (प्रातिपदिक)

• कश्यपः: Kaśyapa
• कश्यपः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: कश्यप (प्रातिपदिक)

• कालात्: from Time
• कालात्: अपादान
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)

• तपः: austerity; heat (tapas)
• तपः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• कालात्: from Time
• कालात्: अपादान
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)

• अजायत: was born; arose
• अजायत: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: Late Atharvanic attribution; variable in tradition.

Devata: Kāla; cosmogonic figures Prajāpati/Kaśyapa/tapas as emanations.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh.

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"Wonder at origin → settling into calm inevitability.","listener_experience":"Awe mixed with reassurance: life is held by a larger rhythm.","intensity":4}