Agni Purana — Kosha, Shloka 20
Adhyāya 361 — अव्ययवर्गः
Avyaya-vargaḥ) — The Section on Indeclinables (Colophon/Closure
स्पृहा सम्प्रत्ययः श्रद्धा पण्डितम्मन्यगर्वितौ ब्रह्मबन्धुरधिक्षेपे भानू रष्मिदिवाकरौ
spṛhā sampratyayaḥ śraddhā paṇḍitammanyagarvitau brahmabandhuradhikṣepe bhānū raṣmidivākarau
‘স্পৃহা’ মানে ইচ্ছা/লালসা; ‘সম্প্ৰত্যয়’ মানে বিশ্বাস/নিশ্চয়; ‘শ্ৰদ্ধা’ মানে আস্থা। ‘পণ্ডিত-মান্য’—যি নিজকে পণ্ডিত ভাবে; ‘গৰ্বিত’—অহংকাৰী। ‘ব্ৰহ্মবন্ধু’ জন্মমাত্ৰ ব্ৰাহ্মণক নিন্দা কৰিবলৈ ব্যৱহৃত শব্দ। ‘ভানু’, ‘ৰশ্মি’ আৰু ‘দিবাকৰ’ সূৰ্যৰ নাম।
Lord Agni (narrating a lexicon-like list within the Agni Purana)
Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Alamkara","secondary_vidya":"Vyakarana","practical_application":"Builds a controlled vocabulary for composition and exegesis; distinguishes near-synonyms (desire, trust, faith) and registers (reproach term brahma-bandhu; solar epithets).","sutra_style":true}
Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"List","entry_title":"Lexical entries: spṛhā, sampratyaya, śraddhā; paṇḍita-manya/garvita; brahma-bandhu; bhānu/raśmi/divākara","lookup_keywords":["spṛhā","sampratyaya","śraddhā","brahma-bandhu","divākara"],"quick_summary":"Gives meanings and usage-notes: desire, conviction, faith; terms for pretended learning and pride; ‘brahma-bandhu’ as reproach; and common epithets of the Sun."}
Concept: Ethical and epistemic nuance in words: śraddhā (faith) differs from sampratyaya (conviction); social critique encoded in labels like brahma-bandhu.
Application: Helps interpreters detect praise/blame and doctrinal nuance in narratives, dharma texts, and kāvya.
Khanda Section: Sahitya-shastra (Lexicography / Synonyms and Definitions)
Primary Rasa: adbhuta
Secondary Rasa: shanta
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A lexicon lesson: a teacher writes synonym clusters on a board/palm leaf—spṛhā, sampratyaya, śraddhā—then shows a vignette of a proud pseudo-scholar labeled paṇḍita-manya/garvita, and a radiant Sun labeled bhānu/raśmi/divākara.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, guru teaching with stylus, three word-clusters shown as decorative inscriptions, a small comic vignette of a puffed-up scholar, and a stylized golden-red Sun with rays labeled bhānu/raśmi/divākara, flat iconic composition","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore, central Sun medallion with gold rays and embossed gold work, below a seated teacher with manuscript, side vignette of garvita figure with ornate dress, calligraphic labels in cartouches","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting, refined classroom scene with neatly written synonym lists, subtle expression on paṇḍita-manya figure, luminous but soft Sun depiction, clean instructional layout","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature in a library courtyard, scholars debating; one figure shown boastful; above, a detailed Sun disc with fine rays; Persianate borders with Sanskrit labels in panels"}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Kalyani","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: paṇḍitammanyagarvitau = paṇḍita-mānī garvitaḥ (dual); brahmabandhuradhikṣepe = brahma-bandhuḥ adhikṣepe; raṣmidivākarau = raśmi-divākarau (orthographic variant: ष्मि/श्मि).
Related Themes: Agni Purana 361 (Kośa/Nighaṇṭu continuation)
FAQs
This verse imparts nighaṇṭu/śabdavidyā: precise lexical meanings and synonym sets (paryāyas), including semantic usage notes such as ‘brahma-bandhu’ being employed in reproach (adhikṣepa).
By preserving structured vocabulary—meanings, synonym clusters, and usage contexts—the Agni Purana functions like a compact encyclopedia, extending beyond theology into linguistic science (śabdavidyā) and literary learning (sāhitya-śāstra).
Indirectly, it supports dharma by encouraging accurate speech and right understanding of terms—especially ethically charged words like ‘brahma-bandhu’—thereby reducing misuse of language and promoting truthful, disciplined expression.