Shloka 19

यादवक्षयः, बलराम-निर्याणम्, कृष्णस्य उपसंहारः (प्रभासे विनाशः)

Devanagari script

तद् अतीतं जगन्नाथ वर्षाणाम् अधिकं शतम् इदानीं गम्यतां स्वर्गो भवता यदि रोचते

Transliteration

tad atītaṃ jagannātha varṣāṇām adhikaṃ śatam idānīṃ gamyatāṃ svargo bhavatā yadi rocate

Translation

يا ربّ العالم (جگن ناث)، لقد مضى منذ ذلك أكثر من مئة عام؛ والآن إن شئت فاقصد السَّوَرْغا، السماء.

Word by Word

• तत्: that (time)
• तत्: Visheshya (Subject complement/विषय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — Neuter, Nom./Acc., Singular

• अतीतम्: has passed
• अतीतम्: Karta-anvaya (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति-√इ (धातु; ‘गत्यर्थ’ to go)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — Past participle, Neuter, Nom./Acc., Singular

• जगन्नाथ: O Lord of the world
• जगन्नाथ: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक) + नाथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन — Masculine, Vocative, Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (‘lord of the world’)

• वर्षाणाम्: of years
• वर्षाणाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन — Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• अधिकम्: more than
• अधिकम्: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अधिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — Neuter, Nom./Acc., Singular

• शतम्: a hundred
• शतम्: Pramana (Measure/प्रमाण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — Neuter, Nom./Acc., Singular

• इदानीम्: now
• इदानीम्: Kala (Time/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इदानीम् (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• गम्यताम्: let (you) go
• गम्यताम्: Kriya (Request/निवेदन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (धातु; ‘गत्यर्थ’ to go)
• Form: लोट् (आज्ञार्थ/Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive) — ‘let (one) go / please go’

• स्वर्गः: to heaven
• स्वर्गः: Karman (Goal as object of motion/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भवता: by you (sir)
• भवता: Karana (Agent in passive/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (प्रातिपदिक; honorific pronoun)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन — Masculine, Instrumental, Singular; आदरार्थ-प्रयोग (‘by you’ honorific)

• यदि: if
• यदि: Sambandha (Condition/शर्त)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तबोधक-अव्यय (conditional particle)

• रोचते: is pleasing, you wish
• रोचते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रुच् (धातु; ‘दीप्तौ/रुचौ’ to please/like)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद — Present, 3rd person, Singular; कर्तरि-भावे ‘it pleases (to you)’

Speaker

A courtly/attendant voice addressing a revered ruler as “Jagannatha” (within the dynastic narrative relayed by Sage Parāśara to Maitreya)

Avatara Context

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: The envoy requests that, since the mission has been fulfilled and time has passed, the Lord may now return to Svarga if he wills.

Leela: Dharma-upadesa

Dharma Restored: Completion of the bhū-bhāra-haraṇa mandate and re-stabilization of deva-loka administration.

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: All divine action is ultimately governed by Bhagavān’s will (rociṣyate), and devotees petition without entitlement.

Vedantic Theme: Moksha

Application: Practice īśvara-pranidhāna: act dutifully, then surrender outcomes and timing to the Divine.

Vishishtadvaita: The Lord’s līlā is voluntary and purposive; his sovereignty coexists with intimate responsiveness to prayer.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Narayana

Bhakti Type: Dasya

Characters & Entities

• Jagannatha (honorific address)
• Svarga (Heaven)

FAQs

What is the significance of “more than a hundred years have passed” in the Vishnu Purana?

It marks the completion of an allotted span in the dynastic narrative, emphasizing Purāṇic timekeeping and the moral idea that even long reigns and lives culminate in a destined transition.

How does Sage Parāśara explain departures to Svarga in the genealogical sections?

Through concise narrative cues like this verse—Parāśara (speaking to Maitreya) often indicates that, after fulfilling dharma and completing one’s term, a ruler proceeds to Svarga as the fruit of merit within cosmic order.

What is the theological importance of addressing someone as “Jagannātha” here?

Though used as an honorific for a revered figure in-context, the epithet also resonates with Vaiṣṇava theology where “Jagannātha” ultimately belongs to Viṣṇu as sovereign of the cosmos, subtly reinforcing the Purāṇa’s vision of supreme lordship behind worldly narratives.