Varaha Purana 86.45 — Adhyaya 86, Shloka 45

Description of Śākadvīpa and Kuśadvīpa

Cosmographic Geography

Devanagari script

चतुर्थी ह्रादिनी नाम सैव चन्द्रा निगद्यते ।

Transliteration

caturthī hrādinī nāma saiva candrā nigadyate

Translation

الرابعة تُدعى «هراديني»، وذلك النهر نفسه يُعلَن أنه «تشاندرا».

Word by Word

• चतुर्थी: the fourth
• चतुर्थी: विशेषण (Adjectival qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर्थी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); क्रमवाचक-विशेषण (ordinal adjective)

• ह्रादिनी: Hrādinī (name)
• ह्रादिनी: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ह्रादिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); नाम (proper name)

• नाम: by name
• नाम: सम्बन्ध/नामनिर्देश (Naming marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; नाम-शब्दः (quotative/marker of naming)

• सा: she
• सा: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• एव: indeed
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• चन्द्रा: Candrā (name)
• चन्द्रा: समानााधिकरण/नाम (Appositive name)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्द्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); नाम (proper name)

• निगद्यते: is called / is stated
• निगद्यते: क्रिया (Verb; passive predication)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + गद् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada); कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)

Speaker

Varāha

Varaha Avatara Context

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":true,"earth_interaction":"Continues didactic transmission to Bhū-devī by identifying a river’s primary and alternate name."}

Bhu Devi Dialogue

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":true,"speaker_role":"instructor","bhu_devi_state":"curious, receptive","key_question":"Which river is called Hrādinī, and what is its alternate recognized name?"}

Mathura Mandala

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false}

Dharma Shastra

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":false}

Vrata Mahatmya

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":false}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false}

Philosophical Teaching

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"smṛti of place (tīrtha-smaraṇa)","core_concept":"Multiplicity of names reflects multiple viewpoints—local, ritual, poetic—yet points to one sacred reality.","practical_application":"Use both names in recitation/saṅkalpa to align local usage with Purāṇic authority."}

Subject Matter

Subject Matter: ["Geography","Heritage Sites"]

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: śānta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: river (nadī) / sacred toponym

Cross References

Related Themes: Varāha Purāṇa 86.25–86.29: sequential river-name equivalences.

Visual Art Cues

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A moon-associated river-goddess motif (Candrā) overlays the river Hrādinī while Varāha points to a cosmographic map for Bhū-devī.","item_prompts":["Varāha gesturing to a map","Bhū-devī attentive","river with moon emblem (Candrā)","name banners 'Hrādinī' and 'Candrā'","lotus motifs on water"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural: decorative river band with crescent-moon icon; Varāha instructing Bhū-devī; bold outlines and patterned textiles.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore: gold-leaf moon halo above the river ribbon; embossed cartouches 'Hrādinī—Candrā'; richly ornamented Varāha and Bhū-devī.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore: refined pastel river scene with subtle moonlight effect; neat Devanāgarī labels; calm teacher-disciple composition.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari: night-sky wash with a small moon over a winding river; Varāha and Bhū-devī in a terrace setting; delicate labeling."}

Audio Atmosphere

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"calm, luminous (moon-associated naming)","suggested_raga":"Kalyāṇi","pace":"slow","voice_tone":"soft but precise"}

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Hydrography
• Ancient Toponyms

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves paired river names and descriptive semantics (cooling/delightful; moon-like), useful for cultural-linguistic studies of hydronyms.

Which geographic location is identified?

A river known as Hrādinī and also as Candrā; no further localization is provided here.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

None explicit; the verse’s role is archival naming of waterways.